tensorflow实现MNIST手写数字识别演示

用tensorflow实现MNIST手写数字识别演示，分别参考这两篇文章：
https://blog.csdn.net/dusin/article/details/108544965

https://blog.csdn.net/starlet_kiss/article/details/115550344

一.tensorflow实现MNIST手写数字识别演示

1.加加载数据

import tensorflow as tf  #导入tensorflow库
mnist=tf.keras.datasets.mnist  
(x_train,y_train),(x_test,y_test)=mnist.load_data()  #加载数据

Downloading data from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/tf-keras-datasets/mnist.npz
11493376/11490434 [==============================] - 1s 0us/step

查看数据，

其中：x_train表示训练数据集，y_train表示训练数据集对应的结果；x_test表示测试数据集，y_test表示测试集对应的结果

x_train.shape
# 输出说明有 60000条数据，每个数据是28*28的图像

(60000, 28, 28)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.imshow(x_train[2])

y_train[1]

0

2.处理数据

看一下，数据是怎么样的

x_train[1]

array([[  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,  51, 159, 253, 159,  50,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,  48, 238, 252, 252, 252, 237,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
         54, 227, 253, 252, 239, 233, 252,  57,   6,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  10,  60,
        224, 252, 253, 252, 202,  84, 252, 253, 122,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 163, 252,
        252, 252, 253, 252, 252,  96, 189, 253, 167,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  51, 238, 253,
        253, 190, 114, 253, 228,  47,  79, 255, 168,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  48, 238, 252, 252,
        179,  12,  75, 121,  21,   0,   0, 253, 243,  50,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  38, 165, 253, 233, 208,
         84,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 253, 252, 165,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   7, 178, 252, 240,  71,  19,
         28,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 253, 252, 195,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  57, 252, 252,  63,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 253, 252, 195,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 198, 253, 190,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 255, 253, 196,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  76, 246, 252, 112,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0, 253, 252, 148,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  85, 252, 230,  25,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   7, 135, 253, 186,  12,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  85, 252, 223,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   7, 131, 252, 225,  71,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  85, 252, 145,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,  48, 165, 252, 173,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  86, 253, 225,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0, 114, 238, 253, 162,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  85, 252, 249, 146,  48,  29,  85,
        178, 225, 253, 223, 167,  56,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  85, 252, 252, 252, 229, 215, 252,
        252, 252, 196, 130,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  28, 199, 252, 252, 253, 252, 252,
        233, 145,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  25, 128, 252, 253, 252, 141,
         37,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
          0,   0]], dtype=uint8)

将数据归一化处理

x_train=tf.keras.utils.normalize(x_train,axis=1)
x_test=tf.keras.utils.normalize(x_test,axis=1)

查看处理后的数据

x_train[1]

array([[0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        ,
        0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        ,
        0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        ,
        0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        ,
        0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        ,
        0.        , 0.        , 0.        ],
       [0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        , 0.        ,