Spring AOP的自动创建代理可分为三种:
-
BeanNameAutoProxyCreator 根据Bean名称创建代理
-
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 根据Advisor本身包含信息创建代理
-
AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator基于Bean中的AspectJ注解进行自动代理
1、BeanNameAutoProxyCreator 根据Bean名称创建代理
1、新建一个学生接口
public interface StudentDao {
public void find();
public void update();
public void save();
public void delete();
}
2、实现StudentDao接口
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
public void find() {
System.out.println("查询学生");
}
public void update() {
System.out.println("修改学生");
}
public void save() {
System.out.println("保存学生");
}
public void delete() {
System.out.println("删除学生");
}
}
3、再创建一个类CustomerDao:
public class CustomerDao {
public void find(){
System.out.println("查询客户");
}
public void save(){
System.out.println("保存客户");
}
public void update(){
System.out.println("修改客户");
}
public void delete(){
System.out.println("删除客户");
}
}
4、创建一个前置增强类MybeforeAdvice实现MethodBeforeAdvice接口,重写方法
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class MybeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
@Override
public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("这是前置增强(通知)");
}
}
5、再写一个环绕增强类吧。。MyAroundAdvice实现MethodInterceptor
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
public class MyAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("环绕前增强");
//执行目标方法
Object obj = invocation.proceed();
System.out.println("环绕后增强");
return obj;
}
}
6、配置文件
<!--配置目标类-->
<bean id="studentDao" class="com.aop.demo5.StudentDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="customerDao" class="com.aop.demo5.CustomerDao"/>
<!--配置增强(通知)-->
<bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="com.aop.demo5.MybeforeAdvice"/>
<bean id="myAroundAdvice" class="com.aop.demo5.MyAroundAdvice"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<!--以BeanName创建代理,*Dao就是所有以Dao结尾的BeanId-->
<property name="beanNames" value="*Dao"/>
<property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"/>
</bean>
7、测试
@Test
public void demo1(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext4.xml");
StudentDao studentDao = (StudentDao) applicationContext.getBean("studentDao");
CustomerDao customerDao = (CustomerDao) applicationContext.getBean("customerDao");
studentDao.save();
studentDao.find();
studentDao.delete();
studentDao.update();
customerDao.save();
customerDao.find();
customerDao.delete();
customerDao.update();
}
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 根据Advisor本身包含信息创建代理(根据切面信息)
只需改变配置文件
<!--配置目标类-->
<bean id="studentDao" class="com.aop.demo5.StudentDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="customerDao" class="com.aop.demo5.CustomerDao"/>
<!--配置增强(通知)-->
<bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="com.aop.demo5.MybeforeAdvice"/>
<bean id="myAroundAdvice" class="com.aop.demo5.MyAroundAdvice"/>
<!--自动代理1:根据Bean名称创建代理-->
<!--<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="beanNames" value="*Dao"/>
<property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"/>
</bean>-->
<!--配置切面,-->
<bean id="myAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<!--指定增强方法需要使用转义字符-->
<property name="pattern" value="com\.aop\.demo5\.CustomerDao\.save"/>
<!--选择增强方法-->
<property name="advice" ref="myAroundAdvice"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator"/>
AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator基于Bean中的AspectJ注解进行自动代理
需要jar:
- spring-aop
- com.springsource.org.aopalliance
- spring-aspects
- com.springsource.org.aspectj.wever
环境准备
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--开启AspectJ的注解开发,自动代理-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
</beans>
@AspectJ提供不同的通知类型
- @Before 前置通知,相当于BeforeAdvice
- @AfterReturning 后置通知,相当于AfterReturningAdvice
- @Around 环绕通知,相当于MethodInterceptor
- @AfterThrowing 异常抛出通知,相当于ThrowAdvice
- @After最终final通知,不管是否异常,该通知都会执行
- @DeclareParents 引介通知,相当于IntroductionInterceptor
在通知中通过value属性定义切点
通过execution函数,可以定义切点的方法切入
- 语法 execution(<访问修饰符>?<返回值类型><方法名>(<参数>)<异常>)
- 例如匹配所有类public方法 execution(public * * (…))
- 匹配指定包下所有类方法 execution(* com.dao.*( . . ))不包含子包
- execution(* com.dao…*(…)) …*表示包、子孙包下所有类
- 匹配指定类所有方法 execution(* com.service.UserService.*(…))
- 匹配实现特定接口所有类方法 execution(* com.dao.UserDao+.*(…))
- 匹配所有save开头的方法 execution(* save*(…))
代码演示
1、创建ProductDao
public class ProductDao {
public void save(){
System.out.println("保存商品");
}
public void update(){
System.out.println("修改商品");
}
public void delete(){
System.out.println("删除商品");
}
public String findOne(){
System.out.println("查询一个商品");
return "hello";
}
public void findAll(){
System.out.println("查询所有商品");
//int i = 1/0;//发生异常通知
}
}
2、配置文件配置信息,完成自动代理、目标类、切面的定义
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--开启AspectJ的注解开发,自动代理-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
<!--目标类-->
<bean id="productDao" class="com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao"/>
<!--定义切面-->
<bean class="com.aspectJ.demo1.MyAspectAnno"/>
</beans>
3、创建增强类
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
/**
*切面类
*/
@Aspect
public class MyAspectAnno {
//@Before前置通知:可以在方法中传入JoinPoint对象,用来获得切点信息
@Before(value = "execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.save(..))")
public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint){
System.out.println("前置通知"+joinPoint);
}
//@AfterReturning后置通知:通过return属性可以定义方法返回值,作为参数
@AfterReturning(value = "execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.update(..))",returning = "result")
public void afterReturning(Object result){
System.out.println("后置通知"+result);
}
//@Around环绕通知: around方法的返回值就是目标代理方法执行返回值
//参数为ProceedingJoinPoint可以调用拦截目标方法执行
@Around(value = "execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.delete(..))")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("环绕前通知===");
Object obj = joinPoint.proceed();//执行目标方法,不调用不执行目标方法(即拦截目标方法)
System.out.println("环绕后通知===");
return obj;
}
//@AfterThrowing 异常通知:当目标方法发生异常时调用,可输出异常信息
@AfterThrowing(value = "execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findAll(..))",throwing = "e")
//设置参数,打印异常信息
public void afterThrowing(Throwable e){
//目标类发生异常
System.out.println("异常通知"+e);
}
//@After最终通知:无论是否出现异常,最终通知总是会被执行
@After(value = "execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.findAll(..))")
public void after(){
System.out.println("最终通知");
}
}
4、测试
jar要求:junit版本要求4以上,并且要与spring-test版本一致
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext5.xml")
public class SpringDemo1 {
@Resource(name = "productDao")
private ProductDao productDao;
@Test
public void demo1(){
productDao.update();
productDao.save();
productDao.findAll();
productDao.findOne();
productDao.delete();
}
}
总结
在每个通知内定义切点,会造成工作量大,不易维护,对于重复的切点,可以使用@Pointcut进行定义
切点方法
private void 无参数方法,方法名为切入点。当通知多个切点时,可以使用 || 进行连接
使用前:
//@Before前置通知:可以在方法中传入JoinPoint对象,用来获得切点信息
@Before(value = "execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.save(..))")
public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint){
System.out.println("前置通知"+joinPoint);
}
使用后。方便对具有相同通知类型进行统一管理
@Pointcut("execution(* com.aspectJ.demo1.ProductDao.save(..))")
public void myPointcut1(){}
//@Before前置通知:可以在方法中传入JoinPoint对象,用来获得切点信息
@Before(value = "myPointcut1()")
public void before1(JoinPoint joinPoint){
System.out.println("前置通知"+joinPoint);
}
使用aspectJ的xml方式开发
1、新建一个接口CustomerDao
public interface CustomerDao {
public void save();
public void delete();
public void findOne();
public String update();
public void findAll();
}
2、新建CustomerDao实现类CustomerDaoImpl
public class CustomerDaoImpl implements CustomerDao {
public void save() {
System.out.println("保存客户");
}
public void delete() {
System.out.println("删除客户");
// int i=1/0;
}
public void findOne() {
System.out.println("查询单个客户");
}
public String update() {
System.out.println("修改用户");
return "Spring";
}
public void findAll() {
System.out.println("查询所有用户");
}
}
3、新建增强(通知)类
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
public class MyAspectXML {
public void before(){
System.out.println("前置增强");
}
//获取返回值,参数名与XML配置文件returning属性要相同
public void afterReturning(Object result){
System.out.println("后置增强"+result);
}
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("环绕前通知===");
Object obj = joinPoint.proceed();//执行目标方法,不调用不执行目标方法(即拦截目标方法)
System.out.println("环绕后通知===");
return obj;
}
public void afterThrowing(Throwable e){
//目标类发生异常
System.out.println("异常通知"+e.getMessage());
}
public void after(){
System.out.println("最终通知");
}
}
4、配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 使用XML配置方式完成AOP的开发-->
<!--配置目标类-->
<bean id="customerDao" class="com.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl"/>
<!--配置切面类-->
<bean id="myAspectXML" class="com.aspectJ.demo2.MyAspectXML"/>
<!--aop的相关配置-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="execution(* com.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl.save(..))"/>
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut2" expression="execution(* com.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl.update(..))" />
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut3" expression="execution(* com.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl.findOne(..))" />
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut4" expression="execution(* com.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl.delete(..))" />
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut5" expression="execution(* com.aspectJ.demo2.CustomerDaoImpl.delete(..))" />
<!--配置切面-->
<aop:aspect ref="myAspectXML">
<!--配置前置通知,method与切面类增强方法名相同-->
<aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"/>
<aop:after-returning method="afterReturning" pointcut-ref="pointcut2" returning="result"/>
<aop:around method="around" pointcut-ref="pointcut3"/>
<aop:after-throwing method="afterThrowing" pointcut-ref="pointcut4" throwing="e"/>
<aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="pointcut5"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
5、测试
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext6.xml")
public class SpringDemo2 {
@Resource(name = "customerDao")
private CustomerDao customerDao;
@Test
public void demo1(){
customerDao.save();
customerDao.update();
customerDao.findOne();
customerDao.delete();
customerDao.findAll();
}
}