JPA简单配置和代码实现-idea版

1.创建一个maven项目， 本地仓库先配置好，给项目添加一个jpa的模板

 project structure ----  modules ---- + ， 选择jpa即可

这里没有这个选项是因为已经添加了

2.配置  persistence.xml

移动文件夹

 完成上面的创建modules后，会出现一个META-INF的文件夹，里面就是persistence.xml，

但第一步需要将这个 文件夹放在项目的resources文件夹里面

配置 persistence.xml

 值得注意的是在 “持久化” 的注释下面的 第一行里面的name=product是这个 文件的 命名空间，这个名字后面需要用到 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.0">

    <!--持久化单元的命名空间-->
    <persistence-unit name="product" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <properties>

            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="123456" />

            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
            <!--是否每次创建连接时覆盖原来的表，第一次不存在所以需要覆盖就是新建，后面就不需要了，注释了-->
            <!--<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" />-->
            <!--显示出来-->
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
            <!--格式化-->
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>

        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>

</persistence>

3.配置pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.dmc</groupId>
    <artifactId>JPA-shopping</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

4.写工具类

创建连接时 需要找到命名空间

package cn.dmc.util;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class ProJPAUtil {
    public static EntityManagerFactory factory;
    static {
        factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("product");//这里的product需要和命名空间相同
    }
    public static EntityManager getEntityManager(){
        return factory.createEntityManager();
    }
}

5.实体类domain，jpa自动根据实体类创建表，但需要手动创建数据库

需要注解Entity，这里的name是创建的表的名字，以及创建表的注解

在第一个字段上面打上注解表示id是 主键和 自增长

package cn.dmc.domain;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name = "product")
public class Product {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Long dirId;

    public Product(String name, Long dirId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.dirId = dirId;
    }

    public Product(){
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Long getDirId() {
        return dirId;
    }

    public void setDirId(Long dirId) {
        this.dirId = dirId;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", dirId=" + dirId +
                '}';
    }
}

6.写实际 的jpa代码

package cn.dmc.dao.impl;

import cn.dmc.dao.IProductDao;
import cn.dmc.domain.Product;
import cn.dmc.util.ProJPAUtil;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import java.util.List;

public class ProductDaoImpl implements IProductDao {
    @Override
    public void save(Product product) {
        EntityManager manager = ProJPAUtil.getEntityManager();
        manager.getTransaction().begin();
        manager.persist(product);
        manager.getTransaction().commit();
        manager.close();
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Product product) {
        EntityManager manager = ProJPAUtil.getEntityManager();
        manager.getTransaction().begin();
        manager.merge(product);
        manager.getTransaction().commit();
        manager.close();
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Long id) {
        EntityManager manager = ProJPAUtil.getEntityManager();
        manager.getTransaction().begin();
        Product p = manager.find(Product.class,id);
        manager.remove(p);
        manager.getTransaction().commit();
        manager.close();
    }

    @Override
    public List<Product> getAll() {
        EntityManager manager = ProJPAUtil.getEntityManager();
        //这是一个正确的，字符串的错误先不用管
        String sql = "select p from cn.dmc.domain.Product p";
        Query query = manager.createQuery(sql);
        List list = query.getResultList();
        manager.close();
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public Product getOne(Long id) {
        EntityManager manager = ProJPAUtil.getEntityManager();
        Product p = manager.find(Product.class, id);
        manager.close();
        return p;
    }
}

7.调用

package cn.dmc.test;

import cn.dmc.dao.IProductDao;
import cn.dmc.dao.IProductDirDao;
import cn.dmc.dao.impl.ProductDaoImpl;
import cn.dmc.dao.impl.ProductDirDaoImpl;
import cn.dmc.domain.Product;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class Test01 {
    IProductDirDao dao2 = new ProductDirDaoImpl();
    IProductDao dao = new ProductDaoImpl();
    @Test
    public void create(){
        Product p1 = new Product();
        p1.setName("good2");
        p1.setDirId(1l);
        dao.save(p1);
    }

    @Test
    public void delete(){
        dao.delete(2l);
    }

    @Test
    public void updata(){
        Product p1 = new Product();
        p1.setName("go0");
        p1.setId(3l);
        p1.setDirId(1l);
        dao.update(p1);
    }

    @Test
    public void findOne(){
        Product one = dao.getOne(1l);
        System.out.println(one);
    }

    @Test
    public void findAll(){
        List<Product> list = dao.getAll();
        list.forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}