14-多表操作-多表模型的介绍
我们之前学习的都是基于单表操作的,而实际开发中,随着业务难度的加深,肯定需要多表操作的。
多表模型分类 :
- 一对一:在任意一方建立外键,关联对方的主键。
- 一对多:在多的一方建立外键,关联一的一方的主键。
- 多对多:借助中间表,中间表至少两个字段,分别关联两张表的主键。
15-多表操作-一对一的数据准备
CREATE DATABASE db2;
USE db2;
CREATE TABLE person(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20),
age INT
);
INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'张三',23);
INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'李四',24);
INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'王五',25);
CREATE TABLE card(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
number VARCHAR(30),
pid INT,
CONSTRAINT cp_fk FOREIGN KEY (pid) REFERENCES person(id)
);
INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'12345',1);
INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'23456',2);
INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'34567',3);
16-多表操作-一对一的功能实现
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.table01.OneToOneMapper">
<!--配置字段和实体对象属性的映射关系-->
<resultMap id="oneToOne" type="card">
<id column="cid" property="id" />
<result column="number" property="number" />
<!--
association:配置被包含对象的映射关系
property:被包含对象的变量名
javaType:被包含对象的数据类型
-->
<association property="p" javaType="person">
<id column="pid" property="id" />
<result column="name" property="name" />
<result column="age" property="age" />
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectAll" resultMap="oneToOne">
SELECT c.id cid,number,pid,NAME,age FROM card c,person p WHERE c.pid=p.id
</select>
</mapper>
package com.itheima.table01;
import com.itheima.bean.Card;
import java.util.List;
public interface OneToOneMapper {
//查询全部
public abstract List<Card> selectAll();
}
package com.itheima.table01;
import com.itheima.bean.Card;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class Test01 {
@Test
public void selectAll() throws Exception{
//1.加载核心配置文件
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
//3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
//4.获取OneToOneMapper接口的实现类对象
OneToOneMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OneToOneMapper.class);
//5.调用实现类的方法,接收结果
List<Card> list = mapper.selectAll();
//6.处理结果
for (Card c : list) {
System.out.println(c);
}
//7.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
is.close();
}
}
-
一对一模型: 人和身份证,一个人只有一个身份证
-
代码实现
-
步骤一: sql语句准备
CREATE TABLE person( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20), age INT ); INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'张三',23); INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'李四',24); INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'王五',25); CREATE TABLE card( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, number VARCHAR(30), pid INT, CONSTRAINT cp_fk FOREIGN KEY (pid) REFERENCES person(id) ); INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'12345',1); INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'23456',2); INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'34567',3);
-
步骤二:配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.itheima.table01.OneToOneMapper"> <!--配置字段和实体对象属性的映射关系--> <resultMap id="oneToOne" type="card"> <id column="cid" property="id" /> <result column="number" property="number" /> <!-- association:配置被包含对象的映射关系 property:被包含对象的变量名 javaType:被包含对象的数据类型 --> <association property="p" javaType="person"> <id column="pid" property="id" /> <result column="name" property="name" /> <result column="age" property="age" /> </association> </resultMap> <select id="selectAll" resultMap="oneToOne"> SELECT c.id cid,number,pid,NAME,age FROM card c,person p WHERE c.pid=p.id </select> </mapper>
-
步骤三:测试类
@Test public void selectAll() throws Exception{ //1.加载核心配置文件 InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml"); //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is); //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true); //4.获取OneToOneMapper接口的实现类对象 OneToOneMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OneToOneMapper.class); //5.调用实现类的方法,接收结果 List<Card> list = mapper.selectAll(); //6.处理结果 for (Card c : list) { System.out.println(c); } //7.释放资源 sqlSession.close(); is.close(); }
3.一对一配置总结:
<resultMap>:配置字段和对象属性的映射关系标签。 id 属性:唯一标识 type 属性:实体对象类型 <id>:配置主键映射关系标签。 <result>:配置非主键映射关系标签。 column 属性:表中字段名称 property 属性: 实体对象变量名称 <association>:配置被包含对象的映射关系标签。 property 属性:被包含对象的变量名 javaType 属性:被包含对象的数据类型
-
17-多表操作-一对多的数据准备
CREATE TABLE classes(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20)
);
INSERT INTO classes VALUES (NULL,'黑马一班');
INSERT INTO classes VALUES (NULL,'黑马二班');
CREATE TABLE student(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(30),
age INT,
cid INT,
CONSTRAINT cs_fk FOREIGN KEY (cid) REFERENCES classes(id)
);
INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'张三',23,1);
INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'李四',24,1);
INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'王五',25,2);
INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'赵六',26,2);
18-多表操作-一对多的功能实现
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.table02.OneToManyMapper">
<resultMap id="oneToMany" type="classes">
<id column="cid" property="id"/>
<result column="cname" property="name"/>
<!--
collection:配置被包含的集合对象映射关系
property:被包含对象的变量名
ofType:被包含对象的实际数据类型
-->
<collection property="students" ofType="student">
<id column="sid" property="id"/>
<result column="sname" property="name"/>
<result column="sage" property="age"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectAll" resultMap="oneToMany">
SELECT c.id cid,c.name cname,s.id sid,s.name sname,s.age sage FROM classes c,student s WHERE c.id=s.cid
</select>
</mapper>
package com.itheima.table02;
import com.itheima.bean.Classes;
import java.util.List;
public interface OneToManyMapper {
//查询全部
public abstract List<Classes> selectAll();
}
package com.itheima.table02;
import com.itheima.bean.Classes;
import com.itheima.bean.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class Test01 {
@Test
public void selectAll() throws Exception{
//1.加载核心配置文件
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
//3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
//4.获取OneToManyMapper接口的实现类对象
OneToManyMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OneToManyMapper.class);
//5.调用实现类的方法,接收结果
List<Classes> classes = mapper.selectAll();
//6.处理结果
for (Classes cls : classes) {
System.out.println(cls.getId() + "," + cls.getName());
List<Student> students = cls.getStudents();
for (Student student : students) {
System.out.println("\t" + student);
}
}
//7.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
is.close();
}
}
一对多配置文件总结:
<resultMap>:配置字段和对象属性的映射关系标签。
id 属性:唯一标识
type 属性:实体对象类型
<id>:配置主键映射关系标签。
<result>:配置非主键映射关系标签。
column 属性:表中字段名称
property 属性: 实体对象变量名称
<collection>:配置被包含集合对象的映射关系标签。
property 属性:被包含集合对象的变量名
ofType 属性:集合中保存的对象数据类型
19-多表操作-多对多的数据准备
CREATE TABLE course(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20)
);
INSERT INTO course VALUES (NULL,'语文');
INSERT INTO course VALUES (NULL,'数学');
CREATE TABLE stu_cr(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
sid INT,
cid INT,
CONSTRAINT sc_fk1 FOREIGN KEY (sid) REFERENCES student(id),
CONSTRAINT sc_fk2 FOREIGN KEY (cid) REFERENCES course(id)
);
INSERT INTO stu_cr VALUES (NULL,1,1);
INSERT INTO stu_cr VALUES (NULL,1,2);
INSERT INTO stu_cr VALUES (NULL,2,1);
INSERT INTO stu_cr VALUES (NULL,2,2);
20-多表操作-多对多的功能实现
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.table03.ManyToManyMapper">
<resultMap id="manyToMany" type="student">
<id column="sid" property="id"/>
<result column="sname" property="name"/>
<result column="sage" property="age"/>
<collection property="courses" ofType="course">
<id column="cid" property="id"/>
<result column="cname" property="name"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectAll" resultMap="manyToMany">
SELECT sc.sid,s.name sname,s.age sage,sc.cid,c.name cname FROM student s,course c,stu_cr sc WHERE sc.sid=s.id AND sc.cid=c.id
</select>
</mapper>
package com.itheima.table03;
import com.itheima.bean.Student;
import java.util.List;
public interface ManyToManyMapper {
//查询全部
public abstract List<Student> selectAll();
}
package com.itheima.table03;
import com.itheima.bean.Course;
import com.itheima.bean.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class Test01 {
@Test
public void selectAll() throws Exception{
//1.加载核心配置文件
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
//3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
//4.获取ManyToManyMapper接口的实现类对象
ManyToManyMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ManyToManyMapper.class);
//5.调用实现类的方法,接收结果
List<Student> students = mapper.selectAll();
//6.处理结果
for (Student student : students) {
System.out.println(student.getId() + "," + student.getName() + "," + student.getAge());
List<Course> courses = student.getCourses();
for (Course cours : courses) {
System.out.println("\t" + cours);
}
}
//7.释放资源
sqlSession.close();
is.close();
}
}
多对多配置文件总结:
<resultMap>:配置字段和对象属性的映射关系标签。
id 属性:唯一标识
type 属性:实体对象类型
<id>:配置主键映射关系标签。
<result>:配置非主键映射关系标签。
column 属性:表中字段名称
property 属性: 实体对象变量名称
<collection>:配置被包含集合对象的映射关系标签。
property 属性:被包含集合对象的变量名
ofType 属性:集合中保存的对象数据类型
21-多表操作-多表操作的小结
<resultMap>:配置字段和对象属性的映射关系标签。
id 属性:唯一标识
type 属性:实体对象类型
<id>:配置主键映射关系标签。
<result>:配置非主键映射关系标签。
column 属性:表中字段名称
property 属性: 实体对象变量名称
<association>:配置被包含对象的映射关系标签。
property 属性:被包含对象的变量名
javaType 属性:被包含对象的数据类型
<collection>:配置被包含集合对象的映射关系标签。
property 属性:被包含集合对象的变量名
ofType 属性:集合中保存的对象数据类型