为了能够简单地解决广播的安全性问题,Android引入了一套本地广播机制,使用这个机制发出的广播只能够在应用程序的内部进行传递,并且广播接收器也只能接收来自本应用 程序发出的广播,这样所有的安全性问题就都不存在了。
本地广播的用法并不复杂,主要就是使用了一个LocalBroadcastManager来对广播进行 管理,并提供了发送广播和注册广播接收器的方法。修改 MainActivity中的代码,如下所示:
package com.example.broadcasts_demo;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private IntentFilter intentFilter;
private LocalReceiver localReceiver;
private LocalBroadcastManager localBroadcastManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
localBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);//得到实例
Button button = findViewById(R.id.btn);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.LOCAL_BROADCAST");
localBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent);//发送广播
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
});
intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("com.example.broadcasttest.LOCAL_BROADCAST");
localReceiver = new LocalReceiver();
localBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(localReceiver, intentFilter);//注册广播接收器
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
localBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(localReceiver);
}
//接受广播
class LocalReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(context, "received local broacast", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
写到这很多人运行完也不知道为什么这就是个本地广播,我们借用一下上篇有序广播的项目,修改一下BroadcastTest2的项目的AndroidManifest:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.broadcasttest2">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<receiver
android:name=".AnotherBroadcastReceiver"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
//这个位置注册我们写的本地广播(原本是com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST)
<action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.LOCAL_BROADCAST"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
再次运行点击本地广播项目的发送广播按钮,只能接受到本地广播的信息,BroadcastTest2的信息是无法接受到的。所以证明了本地广播只能在程序内传播。