LVM的配置和扩缩

lvm

1.分区
给虚拟机加一块硬盘sdb， 分三个区分别为sdb1，sdb2，sdb3， id都为8e
如下所示：

2.创建物理卷
记得安装 lvm的包 才能使用pvcreate

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3}
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.

通过pvs或者pvdisplay查看物理卷信息

[root@localhost ~]# pvs
  PV         VG Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
  /dev/sdb1     lvm2 ---  200.00m 200.00m
  /dev/sdb2     lvm2 ---  200.00m 200.00m
  /dev/sdb3     lvm2 ---  200.00m 200.00m

3.创建卷组

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb{1,2}
  Volume group "myvg" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
myvg 2 0 0 wz–n- 392.00m 392.00m

4.创建逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 300M -n lv1 myvg
  Logical volume "lv1" created.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv1  myvg -wi-a----- 300.00m

5.创建文件系统

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/lv1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

6.挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/lv1
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/lv1 /mnt/lv1/
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME         MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda            8:0    0   20G  0 disk
├─sda1         8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
├─sda2         8:2    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3         8:3    0 17.8G  0 part /
sdb            8:16   0   20G  0 disk
├─sdb1         8:17   0  200M  0 part
│ └─myvg-lv1 253:0    0  300M  0 lvm  /mnt/lv1
├─sdb2         8:18   0  200M  0 part
│ └─myvg-lv1 253:0    0  300M  0 lvm  /mnt/lv1
└─sdb3         8:19   0  200M  0 part
sr0           11:0    1  4.2G  0 rom

7.扩大卷组
直接扩展

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend myvg /dev/sdb3
  Volume group "myvg" successfully extended


[root@localhost ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  myvg   3   1   0 wz--n- 588.00m 288.00m

8.扩大逻辑卷
首先要确定扩展多大，并确定当前逻辑卷所在的卷组有足够的空闲空间可用，扩展时要先扩展物理边界，在扩张逻辑边界
不需要取消挂载

[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv1  myvg -wi-ao---- 300.00m
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L 400M /dev/myvg/lv1
  Size of logical volume myvg/lv1 changed from 300.00 MiB (75 extents) to 400.00 MiB (100 extents).
  Logical volume myvg/lv1 successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv1  myvg -wi-ao---- 400.00m
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/lv1

9.缩减逻辑卷
确定要缩减为多大？至少能容纳原有的所有数据，逻辑卷缩减有风险，所以要卸载并强行检测文件系统
缩减逻辑卷空间的步骤如下：
1.先卸载逻辑卷/dev/myvg/lv1
2.然后通过e2fsck命令检测逻辑卷上空余的空间
3.使用resize2fs将文件系统减少到200M
4.再使用lvreduce命令将逻辑卷减少到200M
注意，文件系统大小和逻辑卷大小一定要保持一致才行，如果逻辑卷大于文件系统，由于部分区域未格式化成文件系统会造成空间的浪费，如果逻辑卷小于文件系统，那数据就出问题了

umount /mnt/lv1/
[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/myvg/lv1
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/myvg/lv1: 11/101200 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 23297/409600 blocks

[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/lv1 200M
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/myvg/lv1 to 204800 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/myvg/lv1 is now 204800 blocks long.

[root@localhost ~]# lvreduce -L 200M /dev/myvg/lv1
  WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 200.00 MiB.
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce myvg/lv1? [y/n]: y
  Size of logical volume myvg/lv1 changed from 400.00 MiB (100 extents) to 200.00 MiB (50 extents).
  Logical volume myvg/lv1 successfully resized.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv1  myvg -wi-a----- 200.00m

最后重新挂载。。
10.缩减卷组
1、pvmove /dev/sdb3 #将/dev/sdb1上存储的数据移到其它物理卷中
2、vgreduce myvg /dev/sdb3 #将/dev/sdb3从myvg卷组中移除
3、pvremove /dev/sdb3 #将/dev/sdb3从物理卷上移除

[root@localhost ~]# pvmove /dev/sdb3
  No data to move for myvg.
[root@localhost ~]# vgreduce myvg /dev/sdb3
  Removed "/dev/sdb3" from volume group "myvg"
[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb3
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully wiped.
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  myvg   2   1   0 wz--n- 392.00m 192.00m