elasticsearch笔记之文档基本操作

一、elasticsearch文档操作是什么？

我们都知道，在数据库里面，有很多的查询语句，插入数据，更新数据，删除数据等等，那么同理，在elasticsearch当中，也有类似的操作，只不过语法跟数据库不同罢了，那么究竟怎么使用呢？下面我们来看下。

二、使用步骤

1.添加数据

#往索引lhh里面加入一条信息
put /lhh/user/1
{
   
  "name":"miracle_gir",
  "age":25,
  "desc":"一定可以找到适合的工作的！",
  "tags":["编程","阅读","跑步","游戏"]
}

get lhh

#运行结果
{
   
  "lhh" : {
   
    "aliases" : {
    },
    "mappings" : {
   
      "properties" : {
   
        "age" : {
   
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "desc" : {
   
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
   
            "keyword" : {
   
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "name" : {
   
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
   
            "keyword" : {
   
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "tags" : {
   
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
   
            "keyword" : {
   
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "settings" : {
   
      "index" : {
   
        "creation_date" : "1614345848042",
        "number_of_shards" : "1",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "3quPlmFTTiGToEZql-BBmA",
        "version" : {
   
          "created" : "7060299"
        },
        "provided_name" : "lhh"
      }
    }
  }
}

2.获取数据

#获取1号用户
get /lhh/user/1

#运行结果
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in document get requests is deprecated, use the /{index}/_doc/{id} endpoint instead.
{
   
  "_index" : "lhh",
  "_type" : "user",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 2,
  "_seq_no" : 1,
  "_primary_term" : 1,
  "found" : true,
  "_source" : {
   
    "name" : "miracle_gir",
    "age" : 25,
    "desc" : "一定可以找到适合的工作的！",
    "tags" : [
      "编程",
      "阅读",
      "跑步",
      "游戏"
    ]
  }
}

3.更新数据

put /lhh/user/1
{
   
  "name":"lhh_mir_gir",
  "age":26,
  "desc":"我慢慢爱上写代码了，不知道这是不是真的！"
}

#运行结果
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in document index requests is deprecated, use the typeless endpoints instead (/{index}/_doc/{id}, /{index}/_doc, or /{index}/_create/{id}).
{
   
  "_index" : "lhh",
  "_type" : "user",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 3,
  "result" : "updated",
  "_shards" : {
   
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 2,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

但是我们现在不全部填充字段，我们只设置两个字段，那么会发生什么呢？

put /lhh/user/1
{
   
  "name":"lhh_mir_gir",
  "age":3
}

#运行结果
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in document index requests is deprecated, use the typeless endpoints instead (/{index}/_doc/{id}, /{index}/_doc, or /{index}/_create/{id}).
{
   
  "_index" : "lhh",
  "_type" : "user",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 4,
  "result" : "updated",
  "_shards" : {
   
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 3,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

结论:put /索引/类型/文档id文档id相同的情况下会覆盖掉之前的数据。

于是还有另外一种更新的操作，那就是post操作。

post /lhh/user/1/_update
{
   
  "doc":{
   
    "name":"abcdef"
  }
}

#运行结果
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in document update requests is deprecated, use the endpoint /{index}/_update/{id} instead.
{
   
  "_index" : "lhh",
  "_type" : "user",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 6,
  "result" : "updated",
  "_shards" : {
   
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 6,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

4.查询语句

假设我们的lhh索引里面有这些数据。

标题简单查询语句

get lhh/user/_search?q=name:lhh1号

#运行结果，其中的score就代表权重，权重越大，代表查询越精确。
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in search requests is deprecated.
{
   
  "took" : 6,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
   
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed"