CompleteFuture全方法说明

1. 创建CompletableFuture

函数名	备注
supplyAsync	参数Supplier 无参数有返回值
runAsync	参数Runnable 无参数无返回值

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    
    @Test
    public void test01() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        CompletableFuture<Void> future1 = CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> System.out.println("Runnable"),executors);
        System.out.println(future.get());
    }
}

2. 串行化方法

函数名	支持异步（带Async后缀）	备注
thenApply	√	有参数有返回值 Function
thenAccept	√	有参数无返回值 Consumer
thenRun	√	无参数无返回值 Runnable

不带有Async表示默认使用当前线程（主线程执行）
带有Async后缀的表示可以使用其他的线程池执行异步任务，默认使用ForkJoinPool，可以进行指明自己的线程池（推荐）

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private Consumer<Object> consumer = i -> log.info(String.valueOf(i));
    
    @Test
    public void test02() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        future.thenApply(i -> i + 1);
        future.thenAccept(consumer);
        future.thenRun(() -> log.info("Hello"));
        future.thenAcceptAsync(consumer, executors); // 推荐使用
    }
}

3. 任务最终处理

函数名	支持异步（带Async后缀）	备注
whenComplete	√	仅处理结果返回原始CompletableFuture
exceptionally	×	仅处理异常并返回默认值
handle	×	处理结果和异常并返回默认值

如果中间步骤出现异常，后续的链式链接不起作用，直接走到异常部分，并返回默认值

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private Consumer<Object> consumer = i -> log.info(String.valueOf(i));
    
    @Test
    public void test03() {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        future.whenComplete((i, throwable) -> {
            consumer.accept(i);
            consumer.accept(throwable);
        });
        future.thenApply(integer -> {consumer.accept(integer); return 10/ 0;})
                .exceptionally(throwable -> {
                    consumer.accept(throwable);
                    return 10;
                });
        future.thenApply(integer -> 10 / 0)
                .handle((integer, throwable) -> {
                    consumer.accept(integer);
                    consumer.accept(throwable);
                    return 10;
                });
    }
}

4. 任务组合

两个任务组合

函数名	支持异步（带Async后缀）	备注
thenCombine	√	处理两个结果并返回值
thenAcceptBoth	√	处理两个结果无返回值
runAfterBoth	√	无参数无返回结果

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private Consumer<Object> consumer = i -> log.info(String.valueOf(i));
    
    @Test
    public void test04() {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        CompletableFuture<Integer> newFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 2, executors);
        future.thenCombineAsync(newFuture, (integer, integer2) -> integer + integer2, executors);
        future.thenAcceptBothAsync(newFuture, (integer, integer2) -> { consumer.accept(integer + integer2);});
        future.runAfterBothAsync(newFuture, () -> log.info("Runnable"));
    }
}

任意一个任务完成

函数名	支持异步（带Async后缀）	备注
applyToEither	√	处理两个结果并返回值
acceptEither	√	处理两个结果无返回值
runAfterEither	√	无参数无返回结果

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private Consumer<Object> consumer = i -> log.info(String.valueOf(i));
    
    @Test
    public void test04() {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        CompletableFuture<Integer> newFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 2, executors);
        future.applyToEither(newFuture, integer -> integer);
        future.acceptEither(newFuture, integer -> consumer.accept(integer));
        future.runAfterEither(newFuture, () -> log.info("Runnable"));
    }
}

扁平化任务

函数名	支持异步（带Async后缀）	备注
thenCompose	×	类似于Stream的flatMap

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private Consumer<Object> consumer = i -> log.info(String.valueOf(i));
    
    @Test
    public void test04() {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        CompletableFuture<Integer> newFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 2, executors);
        future.thenCompose(integer -> CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> integer * 10).thenApply(i -> i / 10));
    }
}

多任务组合

函数名	支持异步（带Async后缀）	备注
allOf	×	静态方法，完成全部任务
anyOf	×	静态方法，完成任意一个任务

@Slf4j
public class MyTest {
    private final Executor executors = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private Consumer<Object> consumer = i -> log.info(String.valueOf(i));
    
    @Test
    public void test04() {
        CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 1, executors);
        CompletableFuture<Integer> newFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> 2, executors);
        CompletableFuture<Void> allOf = CompletableFuture.allOf(future, newFuture);
        CompletableFuture<Object> anyOf = CompletableFuture.anyOf(future, newFuture);
    }
}