Python列表(list)元素去重的几种方法

• 方法一：使用set。此种方法会将列表内元素自动排序

In [1]: L = [3,2,4,6,5,6,1]

In [2]: L = set(L)

In [3]: list(L)
Out[3]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

• 方法二：使用字典函数，此种方法将不会改变列表内元素顺序

In [5]: L = [3,2,4,6,5,6,1]

In [6]: d = {}

In [7]: d = d.fromkeys(L)

In [8]: L = list(d.keys())

In [9]: L
Out[9]: [3, 2, 4, 6, 5, 1]

• 方法三：遍历列表，使用remove

In [10]: def delList(L):
    ...:     for i in L:
    ...:         if L.count(i) != 1:
    ...:             for x in range((L.count(i)-1)):
    ...:                 L.remove(i)
    ...:
    ...:     return L
    ...:
    ...:

In [11]: L = [3,2,4,6,5,6,1]

In [12]: L = delList(L)

In [13]: L
Out[13]: [3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 1]

• 方法四：遍历列表，使用append

In [15]: def delList(L):
    ...:     L1 = []
    ...:     for i in L:
    ...:         if i not in L1:
    ...:             L1.append(i)
    ...:
    ...:     return L1
    ...:
    ...:

In [16]: L = delList(L)

In [17]: L
Out[17]: [3, 2, 4, 6, 5, 1]

• 方法五：使用filter，lambda,用于去除列表中所有某个特定的元素

In [18]: L = [3,2,4,6,5,6,1]

In [19]: f = filter(lambda n:n != 6, L)

In [20]: L = list(f)

In [21]: L
Out[21]: [3, 2, 4, 5, 1]

注：使用remove，只能去除第一个指定的元素。

最后随便介绍一下找出list重复元素的方法：

from collections import Counter
L = [3,2,4,6,5,6,1]
# 使用集合中的Counter
print({key: count for key, count in Counter(L).items() if count > 1})
# {6: 2}

# 或遍历列表
duplicate = {i: L.count(i) for i in L if L.count(i) > 1}
print(duplicate)
# {6: 2}