1.typeof
返回一个字符串,用来判断数据所属的基本类型(null除外),但引用类型的判断结果都为object(function除外)
console.log(typeof 1); //number
console.log(typeof '1,2'); //string
console.log(typeof false); //boolean
console.log(typeof undefined); //undefined
console.log(typeof null); //object
console.log(typeof [1,2]); //object
console.log(typeof {name: 'tom'}); //object
console.log(typeof function(){}); //function
console.log(typeof new Date()); //object
- 注意:typeof NaN === 'number’
2. instanceof
- 判断原理:用于判断构造函数的 prototype 属性是否出现在某个实例对象的原型链上。
var Fun = function(){};
var fn = new Fun();
console.log(fn instanceof Fun); //true
console.log(fn instanceof Object); //true
也就是说当使用instanceof进行类型判断时,会在fn的原型链中向上查找,直到找到构造函数.prototype,如果找到了,就会返回true,否则返回false
console.log(undefined instanceof undefined);//Undefined is not defined
console.log(null instanceof Null);//Null is not defined
console.log(1 instanceof Number);//false
console.log('1' instanceof String);//false
console.log(true instanceof Boolean);//false
console.log([1] instanceof Array);//true
console.log(function(){} instanceof Function);//true
console.log({name:"tom"} instanceof Object);//true
3.constructor
- 判断原理: 通过constructor属性
var str='i am string';//原始数据类型
console.log(str.constructor == String);//true
str是JS包装过的,相当于JS内部执行了str = new String(‘i am string’),因此,此时的str的构造函数为String,判断结果为true。
var unde = undefined
var nul = null
var num = 1
console.log(unde.constructor == undefined);//Cannot read property 'constructor' of undefined
console.log(nul.constructor == Null);//Cannot read property 'constructor' of null
console.log(num.constructor == Number);//true
console.log('1'.constructor == String);//true
console.log(true.constructor == Boolean);//true
console.log([1].constructor == Array);//true
console.log(function(){}.constructor == Function);//true
console.log({name:"tom"}.constructor == Object);//true
4.Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)
- 判断原理:
toString是Object的一个方法,会返回反映这个对象的字符串。
JS中所有的构造器Number,Array,Function等都会继承并重写这个方法。
console.log('1'.toString());//'1'
console.log([1].toString());//'1'
delete Array.prototype.toString;//删掉array继承的toString方法,就会去构造函数,也就是Object中去找
console.log([1].toString());//[object Array]
因此,直接通过Object.prototype调用这个方法,就可以准确的判断出所属类型。
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call('1'));// [object String]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(1);// [object Number]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(true);// [object Boolean]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(undefined);// [object Undefined]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(null);// [object Null]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(function(){});// [object Function]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new Date());// [object Date]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call([1]);// [object Array]
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new RegExp());// [object RegExp]
5.Array.isArray(obj)
判断是否为数组
console.log(Array.isArray([1,2]));//true
console.log(Array.isArray('1,2'));//false
6.isNaN()
判断是否为数值
console.log(isNaN([1,2]));//true,即非数值
console.log(isNaN('1,2'));//true,即非数值
console.log(isNaN(12));//false,即为数值