Mybatis——工作原理

流程

1. 加载  mybatis  全局配置文件（数据源、事务、mapper映射文件等），解析配置文件，MyBatis基于XML配置文件生成Configuration，和一个个 MappedStatement（包括了参数映射配置、动态SQL语句、结果映射配置），其对应着<select | update | delete | insert>标签项。

2. SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 通过 Configuration 对象生成 SqlSessionFactory，用来开启 SqlSession。

3. SqlSession 对象完成和数据库的交互：

   1. 用户程序调用 mybatis 接口层api（即 Mapper 接口中的方法）

   2. SqlSession 通过调用 api 的 Statement ID 找到对应的 MappedStatemen 对象

   3. 通过 Executor（负责动态SQL的生成和查询缓存的维护）将MappedStatement对象进行解析，sql参数转化、动态sql拼接，生成jdbc Statement对象

   4. JDBC执行sql。

   5. 借助 MappedStatement 中的结果映射关系，将返回结果转化成 HashMap、JavaBean 等存储结构并返回。

 

【例】查询所有学生。

包依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zth.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis_02</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

 

mybatis-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/studentMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

java bean:

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String  email;
    private Date  dob;
    
    /*getter setter toString*/
}

接口 StudentMapper ：

public interface StudentMapper {
    // 查询所有学生
    public List<Student> getAllStu();

}

映射文件 studentMapper .xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zth.mapper.StudentMapper">
    <resultMap id="stu" type="com.zth.pojo.Student">
        <id property="id" column="stud_id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>
        <result property="email" column="email"/>
        <result property="dob" column="dob"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getAllStu" resultMap="stu">
        select * from students
    </select>
</mapper>

测试类：

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void getAllStudent(){
        InputStream inputStream = MyTest.class.getResourceAsStream("/mybatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);

        List<Student> students = studentMapper.getAllStu();
        System.out.println(students);
    }
}

执行结果（部分）：

文件结构：