剑指 Offer 49. 丑数

剑指 Offer 49. 丑数

我们把只包含质因子 2、3 和 5 的数称作丑数（Ugly Number）。求按从小到大的顺序的第 n 个丑数。

示例:

输入: n = 10
输出: 12
解释: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 是前 10 个丑数。

动态规划-三指针

class Solution {
public:
    int nthUglyNumber(int n) {
        int a = 0, b = 0, c = 0;
        int dp[n];
        dp[0] = 1;
        for(int i = 1; i < n; i++){
            int n2 = dp[a] * 2, n3 = dp[b] * 3, n5 = dp[c] * 5;
            dp[i] = min(n2, min(n3, n5));
            if(dp[i] == n2) a++;
            if(dp[i] == n3) b++;
            if(dp[i] == n5) c++;
        }
        return dp[n - 1];
    }
};

最小堆

class Solution {
public:
    int nthUglyNumber(int n) {
        vector<int> factors = {2, 3, 5};
        unordered_set<long> seen;
        priority_queue<long, vector<long>, greater<long>> heap;
        seen.insert(1L);
        heap.push(1L);
        int ugly = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            long curr = heap.top();
            heap.pop();
            ugly = (int)curr;
            for (int factor : factors) {
                long next = curr * factor;
                if (!seen.count(next)) {
                    seen.insert(next);
                    heap.push(next);
                }
            }
        }
        return ugly;
    }
};