sftp详解

1、默认端口

sftp和ssh的默认端口是22

2、sftp连接服务端方式

1、直接连接，-P指定端口

sftp  -P 22  myname@ip
再输入yes
再输入密码

[yiifung@master02 ~]$ sftp -P 22 yiifung@192.168.168.128  
yiifung@192.168.168.128's password: 
Connected to 192.168.168.128.
sftp>

2、第一次连接需要询问是否要在known_hosts文件中记录对方机器的指纹，一旦记录之后，后续不再询问

[yiifung@master02 ~]$ sftp -oPort=22   yiifung@192.168.168.128  
The authenticity of host '192.168.168.128 (192.168.168.128)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:oU89b+M9k9nmrvN4S4tVfhnk2jKNcLUxu/n7D0id/6Q.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:17:76:e5:ff:05:bc:5f:3d:3d:ff:6b:1a:3e:a6:ab:9c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?

[yiifung@master02 ~]$ cd .ssh/
[yiifung@master02 .ssh]$ cat known_hosts 
192.168.168.128 ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBORIZn/fiW4sk3R1ithx3QQiO+WAVZJWn8Lcz9zWsMAAxm1ORajsSWHlnsUvYYLTjWKRaVxyAeGsCHKSgKhslKs=
[yiifung@master02 .ssh]$ 

3、不询问，直接记录的方式，使用-oStrictHostKeyChecking=no 选项

[yiifung@master02 .ssh]$  rm  -f known_hosts 
[yiifung@master02 .ssh]$ cd 
[yiifung@master02 ~]$ sftp -oPort=22 -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no  yiifung@192.168.168.128  
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.168.128' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
yiifung@192.168.168.128's password: 
Connected to 192.168.168.128.
sftp> 

4、免密方式登录
详情请见免密登录

3、传递文件

1、开始一个交互session在远程机器的一个指定的目录中
sftp [user@]host[:dir[/]]

[yiifung@master02 ~]$ sftp -oPort=22 -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no  yiifung@192.168.168.128:test
yiifung@192.168.168.128's password: 
Connected to 192.168.168.128.
Changing to: /home/yiifung/test
sftp> pwd
Remote working directory: /home/yiifung/test
sftp> 

2、直接获取文件，不需要任何交互动作
sftp [user@]host[:file …]

[yiifung@master02 test]$ sftp -oPort=22 -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no  yiifung@192.168.168.128:test/test1 
yiifung@192.168.168.128's password: 
Connected to 192.168.168.128.
Fetching /home/yiifung/test/test1 to test1
[yiifung@master02 test]$ ll
total 0
-rw-rw-r--. 1 yiifung yiifung 0 Jul  8 04:40 test1
[yiifung@master02 test]$

3、直接获取文件，并放到指定的目录并重新命名，不需要任何交互动作

该方式，目录必须提前存在，否则会报错

[yiifung@master02 test]$ mkdir 2023
[yiifung@master02 test]$ sftp -oPort=22 -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no  yiifung@192.168.168.128:test/test1   2023/test2
yiifung@192.168.168.128's password: 
Connected to 192.168.168.128.
Fetching /home/yiifung/test/test1 to 2023/test2
[yiifung@master02 test]$
yiifung@master02 test]$ ll
total 0
drwxrwxr-x. 2 yiifung yiifung 19 Jul  8 04:43 2023
-rw-rw-r--. 1 yiifung yiifung  0 Jul  8 04:40 test1
[yiifung@master02 test]$ ll 2023
total 0
-rw-rw-r--. 1 yiifung yiifung 0 Jul  8 04:43 test2
[yiifung@master02 test]$ 

4、batch模式执行（-b batch），此模式需要免密登录

[yiifung@master02 test]$ cat batch 
get test1
get test2

[yiifung@master02 test]$ sftp -oPort=22 -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no -b batch  yiifung@192.168.168.128:test
sftp> get test1
sftp> get test2
sftp> 
[yiifung@master02 test]$ ll
total 4
-rw-rw-r--. 1 yiifung yiifung 21 Jul  8 05:03 batch
-rw-rw-r--. 1 yiifung yiifung  0 Jul  8 07:03 test1
-rw-rw-r--. 1 yiifung yiifung  0 Jul  8 07:03 test2
[yiifung@master02 test]$