SSM 框架整合
1、实际开发中通常不会采用 SSM 框架整合的方式;
2、学习 SSM 是为了弄懂框架整合的底层原理;
Web 框架技术的迭代:
第一代:SSH(Spring/Struts/Hibernate) → 第二代:SSM(Spring/SpringMVC/MyBatis) → 第三代:Spring Boot
-
Spring MVC 框架负责客户端到服务器程序的交互,接收客户端请求并响应;
-
MyBatis 负责 Web 应用程序与数据库的交互,完成数据模型的 CRUD;
-
Spring 负责管理 SpringMVC 和 MyBatis 相关对象的创建、依赖注入和维护;
SSM 框架整合具体步骤如下:
第一步:创建 Maven 工程,导入 spring/springmvc/mybatis 相关的依赖 jar 包;
<dependencies>
<!-- SpringMVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring JDBC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring AOP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis整合Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- C3P0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ServletAPI -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.6</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
2、在 web.xml 中配置 SpringMVC、Spring、字符编码过滤器、加载静态资源等;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--启动Spring-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--Spring MVC-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 字符过滤编码器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--加载静态资源-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3、创建 spring.xml、springmvc.xml、mybatis.xml 配置文件;
3.1 在 spring.xml 文件中配置 MyBatis 和 Spring 的整合
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
">
<!--整合MyBatis-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="123456"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="20"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="50"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置MyBatis SqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/trainingl/repository/*.xml"></property>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--扫描自定义的Mapper接口-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.trainingl.repository"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
3.2 在 mybatis.xml 中配置一些 MyBatis 的辅助信息,比如:打印SQL语句等
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--打印SQL-->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
3.3 配置 springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<!--启动注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--扫描业务代码-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.trainingl"></context:component-scan>
<!--配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4、创建实体类 User
package com.trainingl.entity;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class User {
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Double score;
}
5、数据持久层接口 UserRepository
package com.trainingl.repository;
import com.trainingl.entity.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserRepository {
public List<User> findAll();
}
6、UserRepository.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.trainingl.repository.UserRepository">
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.trainingl.entity.User">
select * from User
</select>
</mapper>
7、服务层接口 UserService
package com.trainingl.service;
import com.trainingl.entity.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
public List<User> findAll();
}
8、服务层实现 UserServiceImpl
package com.trainingl.service.Impl;
import com.trainingl.entity.User;
import com.trainingl.repository.UserRepository;
import com.trainingl.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
public List<User> findAll(){
return userRepository.findAll();
}
}
9、控制层 UserHandler
package com.trainingl.controller;
import com.trainingl.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserHandler {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@GetMapping("/list")
public ModelAndView findAll(){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.setViewName("index");
modelAndView.addObject("userList",userService.findAll());
return modelAndView;
}
}
10、JSP 视图层
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 17209
Date: 2021-09-18
Time: 11:19
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>编号</th>
<th>用户名</th>
<th>密码</th>
<th>分数</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${userList}" var="user">
<tr>
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.username}</td>
<td>${user.password}</td>
<td>${user.score}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
程序的运行结果如下:
至此,本专栏介绍完了SSM框架的基本语法和使用技巧。