手摸手教你使用java GUI开发一客户一线程案例

0、前言

没有前言，直接开搞！！！

1、准备

集成开发环境：IDEA
JDK：1.8

2、创建项目

3、 项目结构

需创建项目文件如下图

4、代码

ClientUI.java

package client;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

/**
 * Echo客户机：根据Echo协议，向服务器发送消息，接收服务器回送的消息
 *
 * @author KonBAI
 * @version 1.0
 * Create by 2020/04/21 16:25
 */
public class ClientUI extends JFrame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // TODO 在窗口标题里写上自己的学号
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Client: 1707");

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        frame.getContentPane().add(new MyPanel());
        // 设置窗口宽度和高度
        frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 300));
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

MyListError.java

package client;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author KonBAI
 * @version 1.0
 * Create by 2020/04/21 21:03
 */
class MyListError implements ActionListener {

    MyPanel myPanel;

    public MyListError(MyPanel myPanel) {
        this.myPanel = myPanel;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        // 从文本框中读取用户输入
        String sendStr = myPanel.tf.getText();
        // 将文本框中的字符清空
        myPanel.tf.setText("");
        // TODO 向服务器发送字符串
        myPanel.out.println(sendStr);
        myPanel.out.flush();

        myPanel.ta.append("To server: " + sendStr + "\n");// 将字符串显示在文本区域

        // TODO 接收服务器回复的字符串，并显示在文本区域
        try {
            myPanel.ta.append(myPanel.in.readLine() + '\n');
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println("异常信息：" + ex.getMessage());

        }

    }
}

MyPanel.java

package client;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketAddress;

/**
 * @author KonBAI
 * @version 1.0
 * Create by 2020/04/21 21:02
 */
class MyPanel extends JPanel {

    JTextField tf;
    JTextArea ta;

    /**
     * 声明客户机套接字
     */
    Socket clientSocket = null;
    /**
     * 声明网络输入流
     */
    BufferedReader in;
    /**
     * 声明网络输出流
     */
    PrintWriter out;

    public MyPanel() {
        this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        JPanel p1 = new JPanel();
        JLabel lb1 = new JLabel();
        lb1.setText("消息:");
        p1.add(lb1);
        tf = new JTextField(25);
        p1.add(tf);
        JButton btn = new JButton("发送");
        btn.addActionListener(new MyListError(this));
        p1.add(btn);


        this.add(p1, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
        p2.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        JScrollPane sp1 = new JScrollPane();
        sp1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(8, 250));
        ta = new JTextArea(5, 10);
        ta.setEditable(false);
        sp1.setViewportView(ta);
        p2.add(sp1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        try {
            clientSocket = new Socket();
            // TODO 新建SocketAddress的对象，指定要连接的服务器；
            // 2）调用Socket的方法连接服务器
            SocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 1024);

            // 连接服务器
            clientSocket.connect(address);

            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
            // TODO 上面已给出输入流的代码，请补充输出流的
            out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));

        } catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println("异常信息：" + ex.getMessage());
        }
    }


}

Layout.java

package server;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * 布局类
 *
 * @author KonBAI
 * @version 1.0
 * Create by 2020/04/21 22:50
 */
public class Layout {

    private JButton btnStart;
    private JLabel jLabel1;
    private JLabel jLabel2;
    private JScrollPane jScrollPane1;
    /**
     * 创建内容面板容器
     */
    private JPanel midPanel;
    private JPanel topPanel;
    public static JTextArea txtArea;
    private JTextField txtHostName;
    private JTextField txtHostPort;

    public Layout() {
        this.btnStart = new JButton();
        this.jLabel1 = new JLabel();
        this.jLabel2 = new JLabel();
        this.jScrollPane1 = new JScrollPane();
        this.midPanel = new JPanel();
        this.topPanel = new JPanel();
        this.txtHostName = new JTextField();
        this.txtHostPort = new JTextField();
    }

    public JButton getBtnStart() {
        return btnStart;
    }

    public void setBtnStart(JButton btnStart) {
        this.btnStart = btnStart;
    }

    public JLabel getjLabel1() {
        return jLabel1;
    }

    public void setjLabel1(JLabel jLabel1) {
        this.jLabel1 = jLabel1;
    }

    public JLabel getjLabel2() {
        return jLabel2;
    }

    public void setjLabel2(JLabel jLabel2) {
        this.jLabel2 = jLabel2;
    }

    public JScrollPane getjScrollPane1() {
        return jScrollPane1;
    }

    public void setjScrollPane1(JScrollPane jScrollPane1) {
        this.jScrollPane1 = jScrollPane1;
    }

    public JPanel getMidPanel() {
        return midPanel;
    }

    public void setMidPanel(JPanel midPanel) {
        this.midPanel = midPanel;
    }

    public JPanel getTopPanel() {
        return topPanel;
    }

    public void setTopPanel(JPanel topPanel) {
        this.topPanel = topPanel;
    }

    public static JTextArea getTxtArea() {
        return txtArea;
    }

    public static void setTxtArea(JTextArea txtArea) {
        Layout.txtArea = txtArea;
    }

    public JTextField getTxtHostName() {
        return txtHostName;
    }

    public void setTxtHostName(JTextField txtHostName) {
        this.txtHostName = txtHostName;
    }

    public JTextField getTxtHostPort() {
        return txtHostPort;
    }

    public void setTxtHostPort(JTextField txtHostPort) {
        this.txtHostPort = txtHostPort;
    }
}

ServerUI.java

package server;


import utils.ClientThread;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;


/**
 * Echo服务器：根据Echo协议，接收来自客户机消息，并立即回送
 *
 * @author KonBAI
 * @version 1.0
 * Create by 2020/04/21 17:12
 */
public class ServerUI extends JFrame {

    /**
     * 侦听套接字
     */
    private ServerSocket listenSocket = null;
    /**
     * 与客户机对话的套接字
     */
    private Socket toClientSocket = null;
    /**
     * 客户数量编号
     */
    public static Integer clientCounts = 0;
    /**
     * JLabel
     */
    private Layout layout;
    /**
     * 用户编号
     */
    public static JTextArea txtArea;

    public ServerUI() {
        initComponents();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private void initComponents() {
        layout = new Layout();
        txtArea = new JTextArea();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setTitle("My Server: 1707");
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent evt) {
                formWindowClosing(evt);
            }
        });
        setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 500));
        layout.getTopPanel().setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(null, "Server Info Border", TitledBorder.DEFAULT_JUSTIFICATION, TitledBorder.DEFAULT_POSITION));

        layout.getjLabel1().setText("Host Name：");
        layout.getTxtHostName().setText("localhost");
        layout.getjLabel2().setText("Port：");
        layout.getTxtHostPort().setText("1024");
        layout.getBtnStart().setText("Start");

        layout.getBtnStart().addActionListener(evt -> btnStartActionPerformed(evt));
        // 创建分组布局
        GroupLayout topPanelLayout = new GroupLayout(layout.getTopPanel());
        layout.getTopPanel().setLayout(topPanelLayout);
        /**
         * 水平组（仅确定 X 轴方向的坐标/排列方式）
         */
        topPanelLayout.setHorizontalGroup(
                topPanelLayout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
                        .addGroup(topPanelLayout.createSequentialGroup()
                                .addContainerGap()
                                .addComponent(layout.getjLabel1())
                                .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.UNRELATED)
                                .addComponent(layout.getTxtHostName(), GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 131, Short.MAX_VALUE)
                                .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.UNRELATED)
                                .addComponent(layout.getjLabel2())
                                .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                                .addComponent(layout.getTxtHostPort(), GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 39, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.UNRELATED)
                                .addComponent(layout.getBtnStart())
                                .addContainerGap())
        );
        /**
         * 垂直组（仅确定 Y 轴方向的坐标/排列方式）
         */
        topPanelLayout.setVerticalGroup(
                topPanelLayout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
                        .addGroup(topPanelLayout.createSequentialGroup()
                                .addContainerGap()
                                .addGroup(topPanelLayout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
                                        .addComponent(layout.getjLabel1())
                                        .addComponent(layout.getTxtHostName(), GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                        .addComponent(layout.getjLabel2())
                                        .addComponent(layout.getTxtHostPort(), GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                        .addComponent(layout.getBtnStart()))
                                .addContainerGap(GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );

        getContentPane().add(layout.getTopPanel(), BorderLayout.PAGE_START);

        layout.getMidPanel().setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(null, "Information Border", TitledBorder.DEFAULT_JUSTIFICATION, TitledBorder.DEFAULT_POSITION));
        layout.getMidPanel().setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        txtArea.setEditable(false);
        txtArea.setColumns(20);
        txtArea.setRows(5);
        layout.getjScrollPane1().setViewportView(txtArea);

        layout.getMidPanel().add(layout.getjScrollPane1(), BorderLayout.CENTER);

        getContentPane().add(layout.getMidPanel(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
        // 调整此窗口的大小，以适合其子组件的首选大小和布局
        pack();
    }

    //启动服务器
    private void btnStartActionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
        try {
            // 禁用按钮，避免重复启动
            layout.getBtnStart().setEnabled(false);
            String hostName = layout.getTxtHostName().getText();//主机名
            Integer hostPort = Integer.parseInt(layout.getTxtHostPort().getText());//端口
            //构建服务器的SocketAddress格式地址
            SocketAddress serverAddr = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(hostName), hostPort);
            listenSocket = new ServerSocket(); //创建侦听套接字
            listenSocket.bind(serverAddr);  //绑定到工作地址
            txtArea.append("服务器开始等待客户机连接...\n");
        } catch (IOException ex) {
        }

        //创建一个匿名线程，用于侦听和接受客户机连接，并创建响应客户机的会话线程
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    while (true) { //处理客户机连接
                        toClientSocket = listenSocket.accept();//侦听并接受客户机连接
                        clientCounts ++;//客户机数量加1
                        txtArea.append(toClientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress() + " 客户机编号: " + clientCounts + " 会话开始...\n");
                        //创建客户线程clientThread，实现一客户一线程
                        Thread clientThread = new ClientThread(toClientSocket, clientCounts);
                        clientThread.start(); //启动任务线程
                    }
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, ex.getMessage(), "错误提示", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    //关闭服务器之前
    private void formWindowClosing(WindowEvent evt) {
        //关闭服务器之前释放套接字
        if (!Objects.isNull(listenSocket)) {
            listenSocket = null;
        }
        if (!Objects.isNull(toClientSocket)) {
            toClientSocket = null;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            for (UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) {
                if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName());
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ServerUI.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }

        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> new ServerUI().setVisible(true));
    }

}

ClientThread.java

package utils;

import server.ServerUI;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

/**
 * 创建客户线程实现类，已实现服务器与客户机会话
 *
 * @author KonBAI
 * @version 1.0
 * Create by 2020/04/21 17:13
 */
public class ClientThread extends Thread {
    /**
     * 会话套接字
     */
    private Socket toClientSocket;
    /**
     * 网络输入流
     */
    private BufferedReader in;
    /**
     * 网络输出流
     */
    private PrintWriter out;
    /**
     * 在线客户机总数
     */
    private int clientCounts = 0;

    public ClientThread(Socket toClientSocket, int clientCounts) {
        this.toClientSocket = toClientSocket;
        this.clientCounts = clientCounts;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            // 创建绑定到套接字toClientSocket上的网络输入流与输出流
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(toClientSocket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(toClientSocket.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"), true);
            //5. 根据服务器协议，在网络流上进行读写操作
            String recvStr;
            //只要客户机不关闭，则反复等待和接收客户机消息
            while ((recvStr = in.readLine()) != null) {
                DateTimeFormatter df = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                LocalDateTime time = LocalDateTime.now();
                String localTime = df.format(time);
                //解析并显示收到的消息
                ServerUI.txtArea.append(localTime + " [" + toClientSocket.getRemoteSocketAddress() +  "] - [客户机编号:" + clientCounts + "] 消息：" + recvStr + "\n");
                //按照echo协议原封不动回送消息
                out.println(localTime + " [" + toClientSocket.getLocalSocketAddress() + "] - [客户机编号:" + clientCounts   +  "] Echo消息：" + recvStr);
            }
            // 客户机总数减1
            ServerUI.clientCounts --;
            // 远程客户机断开连接，线程释放资源
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
            }
            if (out != null) {
                out.close();
            }
            if (toClientSocket != null) {
                toClientSocket.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException ex) {
        }
    }

}

5、启动方法

开启多个客户端
### 5、启动可视化界面编写程序

具体怎么使用，自己琢磨吧~