先来初始化一个react项目看一下。
npm install create-react-app -g
create-react-app react-test
cd react-test
npm install
npm run start
我们先创建一个react项目,然后运行起来。你会看到一个这样的页面。
修改src下面的index.js
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import './index.css';
import * as serviceWorker from './serviceWorker';
const ele = (
<div>
<h3>hello react</h3>
</div>
)
ReactDOM.render(ele, document.getElementById('root'));
// If you want your app to work offline and load faster, you can change
// unregister() to register() below. Note this comes with some pitfalls.
// Learn more about service workers: https://bit.ly/CRA-PWA
serviceWorker.unregister();
ele放到babel中,看下babel是怎么转移的,会什么在react项目写这样一个变量是可以的呢?
上图看到,babel,调用了React的一个方法,createElement方法,传递的是元素,属性,内容。
由此可知,React上一定存在一个createElement方法,我们先来研究一个这个方法。
接下来,我们开始自己写一个react,然后定义个createElement方法。如果我们直接在一个空文件中,创建一个js文件,写上一段jsx的代码,会发现,它是无法被识别的。所以我们需要配置环境,所谓配置环境,其实就是在babel转译的时候,可以找到对应的方法去转译。说白了,就是让我们用上面的jsx形式写代码,可以被识别,并且转换为相应的js对象。
这里我们使用parcel 打包工具初始化一个项目react-source
mkdir react-source
cd react-source
mkdir index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id='app'></div>
</body>
<script src="index.js"></script>
</html>
mkdir index.js
npm init
npm install parcel-bundler --save--dev
npm install babel-core babel-present-env babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx --save--dev
babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx负责将我们的jsx转换为js对象。其实质是调用react的creactElement方法,并传递给需要的参数。
新建一个.babelrc文件
{
"presets": ["env"], // es6语法转es5用什么样的规范
"plugins": [ // es6方法转换成es5所需要的插件
["transform-react-jsx", {
"prama": "React.creatElement"
}]
]
}
package.json文件
{
"name": "react-source",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.js",
"dependencies": {
"babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx": "^6.24.1",
"babel-preset-env": "^1.7.0"
},
"devDependencies": {
"babel-core": "^6.26.3"
},
"scripts": {
"dev": "parcel index.html",
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},
"author": "",
"license": "ISC"
}
npm run dev
http://localhost:1234/ 这个时候看到的是一个空白的页面。
我们的环境已经搭建好了,下一章我们可以开发了。
使用webpack配置也是很简单的
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path')
module.exports = {
mode: 'development',
entry: './main.js',
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'),
filename: '[name].js'
},
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /.js$/,
loader: 'babel-loader'
}
]
}
}
package.json
{
"name": "reat-js",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.js",
"scripts": {
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
"build": "webpack-cli"
},
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"devDependencies": {
"babel-loader": "^8.0.6",
"babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx": "^6.24.1",
"babel-preset-env": "^1.7.0",
"babel-preset-react": "^6.24.1",
"react": "^16.12.0",
"react-dom": "^16.12.0",
"webpack": "^4.41.6",
"webpack-cli": "^3.3.11"
},
"dependencies": {
"@babel/core": "^7.8.4",
"@babel/preset-env": "^7.8.4",
"react": "^16.12.0",
"react-dom": "^16.12.0"
}
}
main.js
import React, { PureComponent } from "react"
import ReactDom from 'react-dom'
class App extends PureComponent {
render() {
return <h1>Hello word!</h1>
}
}
ReactDom.render(App, document.getElementById('app'))
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id='app'></div>
</body>
<script src="dist/main.js"></script>
</html>
.babelrc
{
"presets": [
[
"@babel/preset-env",
{
"targets": {
"browsers": [
">1%" // 编译成全球占有率大于1%的浏览器都可以识别
]
}
},
"react"
],
],
"plugins": [ // es6方法转换成es5所需要的插件
[
"transform-react-jsx",
{
"prama": "React.creatElement"
}
]
]
}
npm run build 会发现编译成功了。