Java Web 十五 BaseServlet

BaseServlet详解

BaseServlet是通过重写Servlet的service()方法，以达到可以控制所有Servlet的目的，同时简化了Servlet的一些操作。

 ●为什么要重写service()方法？  
 因为客户端向服务端发送的每一次请求，服务器都会调用service()方法，重写它可以控制所有的请求。

 ●service()可以写什么？ 
 Servlet中常有的对象(比如session)可以在service()中进行获取。

 ●BaseServlet的主要作用是什么？
  BaseServlet主要完成对当前类中的方法进行调用的操作(因为不知道当前类中以后会有哪些方法，所以就要用到反射机制，以后BaseServlet的子类中不管有什么样的方法，都可以被当前类所调用)。

BaseServlet

可以将Servlet都需要用的东西在BaseServlet中创建并初始化，当然BaseServlet最大的功能是：能够使子类增删方法，而不需要修改BaseServlet源代码。

  @WebServlet(name = "BaseServlet",urlPatterns = "/base")
  public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {
      protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
          response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
          String methodName = request.getParameter("methodName");
          try {
              Method method = this.getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
              if (null != method) {
                  //处理返回值，为了资源跳转
                  String returnValue = (String) method.invoke(this,request,response);
                  System.out.println(returnValue);
                  //有的方法有返回值
                      //登录成功：重定向 redirect:/day61/user?methodName=showIndex
                      //登录失败: 请求转发 forward:/login.html
                  //有的方法没有返回值
                      //null，不用做任何处理
                  if (returnValue != null){
                      //有返回值，实现资源跳转，需要资源的路径
                      if (returnValue.lastIndexOf(":") != -1) {
                          String path = returnValue.split(":")[1];
                          System.out.println("path : "+path);
                          //有":"
                          //实现资源跳转：重定向、请求转发
                          if (returnValue.startsWith("redirect")) {
                              //重定向
                              response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+path);
                          } else if(returnValue.startsWith("forward")){
                              //请求转发
                              request.getRequestDispatcher(path).forward(request,response);
                          }
                      } else {
                          //没有":"，默认就是转发  /login.html
                          request.getRequestDispatcher(returnValue).forward(request,response);
                      }
                  } else {
                      //不做任何处理
                  }
  
              }
          } catch (Exception e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  
      protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
          doPost(request, response);
      }
  }

UserServlet

将user模块所有方法写在一个Servlet类中

  @WebServlet(name = "UserServlet",urlPatterns = "/user")
  public class UserServlet extends BaseServlet {
  
  
  
      public void login(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
          String username = request.getParameter("username");
          String password = request.getParameter("password");
          User inputUser = new User();
          inputUser.setUsername(username);
          inputUser.setPassword(password);
          UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
          try {
              User existUser = userDao.login(inputUser);
              if (null == existUser) {
                  //登录失败
                  request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.html").forward(request,response);
              } else {
                  //登录成功
                  request.getSession().setAttribute("existUser",existUser);
                  response.sendRedirect("/day61/user?methodName=showIndex");
              }
          } catch (Exception e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  
      public void showIndex(HttpServletRequest request , HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
          System.out.println("showIndex");
          User existUser = (User) request.getSession().getAttribute("existUser");
          StringBuffer responseBody = new StringBuffer();
          if (null != existUser) {
              //在登录状态
              responseBody.append("欢迎回来~~~"+existUser.getUsername());
              responseBody.append("<a href='/day61/user?methodName=logout'>注销登录</a>");
          } else {
              //不在登录状态
              responseBody.append("您还没有登录;");
              responseBody.append("<a href='/day61/login.html'>请登录</a>");
          }
          response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
          response.getWriter().write(responseBody.toString());
      }
  
      public void logout(HttpServletRequest request , HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
          request.getSession().invalidate();
          response.sendRedirect("/day61/login.html");
      }
  
  
  }

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
		<title>hello jsp</title>
	</head>
	
	<body>
		<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/UserServlet?method=login" method="POST">
			<input type="text" name="username">
			<input type="submit" value="登录">${session_username}
		</form><br/>
		
		<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/UserServlet?method=find" method="POST">
			<input type="text" name="findname">
			<input type="submit" value="查询">${request_findname}
		</form>
	</body>
</html>

模板

public interface Constants {
    // 这里有/，servlet类中不需要/
    String FORWARD = "forward:/";
    String REDIRECT = "redirect:/";
}

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet(name = "ExtendBaseServlet", urlPatterns = "/extend")
public class ExtendBaseServlet extends BaseServlet {
    public String method(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        return "转发Constants.FORWARD  重定向Constants.REDIRECT";
        // 接口中有/ 方法中不需要/
    }
}