多线程详解

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-11 07:00:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-04-11 07:00:37 发布

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分类专栏：语言学习笔记文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41857917/article/details/120702584

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1.线程简介

线程就是独立的执行路径
在程序运行时,即使没有自己创建线程,后台也会有多个线程,如主线程,gc线程
main()称之为主线程,为系统的入口,用于执行整个程序
在一个进程中,如果开辟了多个线程,线程的运行由调度器安排调度,调度器是与操作系统密切相关的,先后顺序不能人为的干预
对同一份资源操作时,会存在资源抢夺的问题,需要加入并发控制
线程会带来额外的开销,如CPU调度时间,并发控制开销
每个线程会在自己的工作内存交互,内存控制不当会造成数据不一致

2.线程创建

在这里插入图片描述

//创建线程方式一:继承Thread类,重写run()方法,调用start开启线程

//总结:注意,线程开启不一定立即执行,由cpu调度执行0
public class TestThread1 extends Thread{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("我在看代码---"+i);
        }
        super.run();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建一个线程对象
        TestThread1 testThread1 = new TestThread1();
        //调用start()方法开启线程
        testThread1.start();
        //main线程,主线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 2000; i++) {
            System.out.println("我在学习多线程"+i);
            
        }            

    }

}

3.下载图片

//练习Thread,实现多线程同步下载图片
public class TestThread2 extends Thread{

    private String url;//网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名

    public TestThread2(String url, String name) {
        this.url=url;
        this.name=name;
    }




    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public void run() {

        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载的文件名为:"+name);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        TestThread2 t1 = new TestThread2("https://kuangstudy.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/bbs/2021/09/08/kuangstudya9f1a304-0940-45b7-9e6d-f1d4b46a155c.jpg","1.jpg");
        TestThread2 t2 = new TestThread2("https://dss0.baidu.com/73t1bjeh1BF3odCf/it/u=1561546013,1259770086&fm=85&s=1A21EC02EE337FAF0854119903001062","2.jpg");
        TestThread2 t3 = new TestThread2("https://www.captainbed.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/b004071ozy_05_amzn.jpg","3.jpg");


        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }




}


//下载器
class WebDownloader{


    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url,String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常,downloader方法出现问题");
        }


    }


}

4.实现Runnable

在这里插入图片描述
AccessControlContext

//创建线程方式2:实现runnable接口,重写run方法,执行线程需丢入runnable接口实现类.调用start方法.

public class TestThread3 implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("我在看代码---"+i);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建runnable接口的实现类对象
        TestThread3 testThread3 = new TestThread3();
        //创建线程对象,通过线程对象来开启我们的线程,代理
        Thread thread = new Thread(testThread3);
        thread.start();

//        new Thread(testThread3).start();



         //main线程,主线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 2000; i++) {
            System.out.println("我在学习多线程"+i);

        }

    }


}

买票例子


//多个线程同时操作同一个接口
//买火车票的例子


//发现问题,多个线程操作同一个资源的情况下,线程不安全,数据紊乱
public class TestThread4 implements Runnable{
    //票数
    private int ticketNums = 10;





    @Override
    public void run(){
        while(true){
            if(ticketNums<=0){
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了"+ticketNums--+"票");

            //模拟延时
            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        TestThread4 ticket = new TestThread4();

        new Thread(ticket,"小明").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"老师").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"黄牛党").start();


    }
}

5.实现Callable接口

在这里插入图片描述


//线程创建方式三:实现callable接口
/*
callable的好处
1.可以定义返回值
2.可以抛出异常

*/



import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
    private String url;//网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名

    public TestCallable (String url, String name) {
        this.url=url;
        this.name=name;
    }




    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public Boolean call() {

        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载的文件名为:"+name);
        return true;

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

        TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable("https://kuangstudy.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/bbs/2021/09/08/kuangstudya9f1a304-0940-45b7-9e6d-f1d4b46a155c.jpg","1.jpg");
        TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable("https://dss0.baidu.com/73t1bjeh1BF3odCf/it/u=1561546013,1259770086&fm=85&s=1A21EC02EE337FAF0854119903001062","2.jpg");
        TestCallable t3 = new TestCallable("https://www.captainbed.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/b004071ozy_05_amzn.jpg","3.jpg");

        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService service= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);


        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> r1 = service.submit(t1);
        Future<Boolean> r2 = service.submit(t2);
        Future<Boolean> r3 = service.submit(t3);

        //获取结果
        Boolean rs1 = r1.get();
        Boolean rs2 = r2.get();
        Boolean rs3 = r3.get();

        System.out.println(rs1);
        System.out.println(rs2);
        System.out.println(rs3);

        //关闭服务
        service.shutdownNow();



        //关闭服务
    }

}


//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url,String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常,downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}

6.静态代理

见Spring笔记

7.Lamda表达式

在这里插入图片描述

/*
* 推导lambda表达式
* */

public class TestLambda1 {
    //3.静态内部类
    static class Like2 implements ILike{

        @Override
        public void lambda() {
            System.out.println("i like lambda2");
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ILike like = new Like();
        like.lambda();

        ILike like2 = new Like2();
        like2.lambda();

        //4.局部内部类
        class Like3 implements ILike{
            @Override
            public void lambda() {
                System.out.println("i like lambda3");
            }
        }
        ILike like3 = new Like3();
        like3.lambda();


        //5.匿名内部类,没有类的名称,必须借助接口或者父类
        ILike like4 = new ILike() {
            @Override
            public void lambda() {
                System.out.println("i like lambda4");
            }
        };
        like4.lambda();

        //6.用lambda简化
        ILike like5=() -> {
            System.out.println("i like lambda5");
        };
        like5.lambda();
    }
}


//1.定义一个函数式接口
interface ILike{
    void lambda();
}

//2.实现类
class Like implements ILike{

    @Override
    public void lambda() {
        System.out.println("i like lambda");
    }


}```

```java
public class TestLambda2 {



    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //1.lambda表达式见识
//        ILove love = (int a)->{
//                System.out.println("i love you1-->"+a);
//
//        };

        //简化1.去掉参数类型
//        ILove love = (a)->{
//            System.out.println("i love you1-->"+a);
//
//        };

        //简化2.去掉括号
//        ILove love = a->{
//            System.out.println("i love you1-->"+a);
//
//        };

        //简化3.去掉花括号
        ILove love = a-> System.out.println("i love you1-->"+a);;


        //总结:
            //lambda表达式只能有一行代码的情况下才能简化成为一行,如果有多行,那么就用代码块包裹
            //前提是接口为函数式接口
            //多个参数也可以去掉参数类型,要去掉就都去掉,必须加上括号 
            //
        love.love(2);
    }
}

interface ILove{

    void love(int a);
}

8.线程状态:五大状态

在这里插入图片描述


//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {


    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(()->{

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("/");

        });

        //观察状态
        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);//NEW


        //观察启动后
        thread.start();//启动线程
        state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);


        while(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){//只要线程不终止,就一直输出状态
            Thread.sleep(100);
            state = thread.getState();//更新线程状态
            System.out.println(state); //输出状态
        }

        thread.start();

    }
}

9.线程休眠

在这里插入图片描述

//模拟网络延时"放大问题的发生性
public class TestSleep implements Runnable{

    //票数
    private int ticketNums = 10;

    @Override
    public void run(){
        while(true){
            if(ticketNums<=0){
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了"+ticketNums--+"票");

            //模拟延时
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        TestSleep ticket = new TestSleep();

        new Thread(ticket,"小明").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"老师").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"黄牛党").start();


    }
}

//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep2 {

    //模拟倒计时
    public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException {
        int num =10;
        while(true){
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            System.out.println(num--);
            if (num<0){
                break;
            }
        }
    }


    //打印系统时间
    public static void main(String[] args) {


        Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
        while (true){

            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
                startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//更新当前时间
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }

    }
}

10 线程礼让

在这里插入图片描述

//测试礼让线程
//礼让不一定成功.看cpu心情
public class TestYield {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyYield myYield = new MyYield();

        new Thread(myYield,"a").start();
        new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
    }


}

class MyYield implements Runnable{


    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程开始执行");
        Thread.yield();//礼让
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程停止执行");
    }
}```

# 11.Join
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/b68d6412b3774f81aa8061257f717bd7.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5YGa5Liq56yo576K,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16)


```java
//测试join方法,想象为插队
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            System.out.println("线程vip来了"+i);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        //启动我们的线程
        TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
        Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
        thread.start();

        //主线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {

            if(i==200){
                thread.join();//插队
            }
            System.out.println("main"+i);

        }

    }
}

11.线程状态观测

在这里插入图片描述

//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {


    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(()->{

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("/");

        });

        //观察状态
        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);//NEW


        //观察启动后
        thread.start();//启动线程
        state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);


        while(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){//只要线程不终止,就一直输出状态
            Thread.sleep(100);
            state = thread.getState();//更新线程状态
            System.out.println(state); //输出状态
        }

        thread.start();

    }
}

12.线程优先级

在这里插入图片描述

//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority{

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //主线程默认优先级
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());

         MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();


        Thread thread1 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread3 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread4 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread5 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread6 = new Thread(myPriority);


        //先设置优先级,再启动
        thread1.start();

        thread2.setPriority(1);
        thread2.start();

        thread3.setPriority(4);
        thread3.start();

        thread4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);//MAX_PRIORITY=10
        thread4.start();

        thread5.setPriority(8);
        thread5.start();

        thread6.setPriority(7);
        thread6.start();

    }
}


class MyPriority implements Runnable{


    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
    }
}```

# 11.守护线程
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/1e37ed95cf0b498fbc4bb786feb9a579.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5YGa5Liq56yo576K,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16)

```java
//测试守护线程
//上帝守护你
public class TestDaemon {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        God god = new God();
        You you = new You();

        Thread thread = new Thread(god);
        thread.setDaemon(true);//默认是false表示为用户线程,正常的线程都是用户线程...
        thread.start();//上帝守护线程启动

        Thread thread1 = new Thread(you);
        thread1.start();//用户线程启动
    }

}

//上帝
class God implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            System.out.println("上帝保佑着你");
        }
    }
}


//你
class You implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 36500; i++) {
            System.out.println("你一生都开心的活着");
        }
        System.out.println("=======Goodbye!===========");
    }
}

13线程同步

在这里插入图片描述

//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱,账户
public class UnSafeBank {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100,"结婚基金");
        Drawing you=new Drawing(account,50,"你");
        Drawing girlFriend=new Drawing(account,100,"girlFriend");

        you.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }

}

//账户
class Account{
    int money;//余额
    String name;//卡名

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

//银行
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    int drawingMoney;//取了多少钱
    int nowMoney;//现在手里有多少钱



    public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name){
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;


    }




    @Override
    //synchronized 默认锁的是this
    public  void run() {

        //锁的对象是变化的量,需要增删改的对象
        synchronized(account){
            //判断有没有钱
            if(account.money-drawingMoney<0){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,取不了");
                return;
            }

            //sleep可以放大问题的发生性
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            //卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱;
            account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
            //你手里的钱
            nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;

            System.out.println(account.name+"余额为"+account.money);
            //Thread.currentThread().getName() = this.getName();
            System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱"+nowMoney);

        }

    }
}

//不安全的买票
//线程不安全,有负数
public class UnSafeBuyTicket {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket buyTicket = new BuyTicket();

        new Thread(buyTicket,"苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"牛逼的你们").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"可恶的黄牛党").start();
    }


}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable{

    //票
    private int ticketNums = 10;
    boolean flag = true;//外部停止方式

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while (flag){
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    //synchronized 同步方法,锁的是this
    private synchronized void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        //判断是否有票
        if(ticketNums<=0){
            flag = false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        Thread.sleep(100);
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
    }
}

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());

                }
            }).start();
        }
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}


//测试JUC安全类型的集合
public class TestJUC {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

14.死锁

在这里插入图片描述

//死锁,多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源,然后形成僵持
public class DeadLock
{

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1,"白雪公主");

        g1.start();
        g2.start();
    }
}


//口红
class Lipstick{

}



//镜子
class Mirror{

}


class Makeup extends Thread{

     //需要的资源只有一份,用static来保证
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();

    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;//使用化妆品的人

    Makeup(int choice,String girlName){
        this.choice=choice;
        this.girlName=girlName;
    }


    //化妆,互相持有对方的锁,就是要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if(choice==0){
            synchronized (lipstick){//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);

            }
            synchronized (mirror){
                //一秒后想获得镜子
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(2000);

            }
            synchronized (lipstick){
                //一秒后想获得镜子
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

import java.awt.image.PackedColorModel;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

//测试Lock锁
public class TestLock {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestLock2 testLock2 = new TestLock2();

        new Thread(testLock2,"A").start();
        new Thread(testLock2,"B").start();
        new Thread(testLock2,"C").start();

    }
}

class TestLock2 implements Runnable{
    private int ticketNums = 10;

    //定义lock锁
    private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void run() {

        try{
            //加锁
            lock.lock();
            while (true){
                if(ticketNums>0){
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(ticketNums--);
                }else{
                    break;
                }
            }

        }finally{
            //解锁
            lock.unlock();
        }


    }
}

14.线程协作

在这里插入图片描述

//代码有误
//有空记得看
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

//测试:生产者消费者模型--->利用缓冲区解决:管程法
//生产者,消费者,产品,缓冲区
public class TestPC {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SynContainer container=new SynContainer();

        new Productor(container).start();
        new Consumer(container).start();
    }
}

//生产者
class Productor extends Thread{

    SynContainer container;
    public Productor( SynContainer container){
        this.container=container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            container.push(new Chicken(i));
            System.out.println("生产了"+i+"只鸡");

        }
    }

}

//消费者
class Consumer extends Thread{
    SynContainer container;
    public Consumer( SynContainer container){
        this.container=container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            container.pop();
            System.out.println("消费了--->"+container.pop().id+"只鸡");

        }
    }
}

//产品
class Chicken{
    int id;

    public Chicken(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }



}
//缓冲区
class SynContainer{

    //需要一个容器大小
    Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
    //容器计数器
    int count = 0;

    //生产者放入产品
    public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken){

        //如果容器满了,就需要等待消费者消费
        while(count==chickens.length){
            //通知消费者消费,生产者等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        //如果容器没有满,我们就需要丢入产品
        chickens[count]=chicken;
        count++;

        //可以通知消费者消费
        this.notifyAll();

    }

    //消费者消费产品
    public synchronized Chicken pop(){
        //判断能否消费
        while(count==0){
            //等待生产者生产,消费者等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        //如果可以消费
        count--;
        Chicken chicken = chickens[count];
        //吃完了,通知生产者生产
        this.notifyAll();

        return chicken;
    }

}


//测试生产者消费者问题2:信号灯法,标志位解决
public class TestPc2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TV tv = new TV();
        new Player(tv).start();
        new Watcher(tv).start();
    }
}

//生产者--->演员
class Player extends Thread{
    TV tv;
    public Player(TV tv){
        this.tv = tv;
    }


    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            if (i%2==0){
                this.tv.play("快本");
            }else{
                this.tv.play("抖音");
            }
        }
    }
}


//消费者--->观众
class Watcher extends Thread{
    TV tv;

    public Watcher(TV tv){
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            tv.watch();
        }
    }
}

//产品--->节目
class TV{
    //演员表演,观众等待T
    //观众观看,演员等待F
    String voice;//表演的节目
    boolean flag=true;//true表演false观看


    //表演
    public synchronized void play(String voice){
         while (flag==false){
             try {
                 this.wait();
             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
         }

         System.out.println("演员表演了"+voice);
         this.notifyAll();
         this.voice = voice;
         this.flag=!this.flag;


    }

    //观看
    public synchronized void watch(){
        while (flag==true){
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        System.out.println("观众观看了"+voice);
        //通知观众表演
        this.notifyAll();
        this.flag=!this.flag;


    }

}

15.使用线程池

在这里插入图片描述

import javax.xml.ws.Service;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

//测试线程池
public class TestPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.创建服务,创建线程池
        //newFixedThreadPool 参数为:线程池大小
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

        //执行
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());


        //2.关闭连接
        service.shutdown();
    }

}

class MyThread implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {

            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());

    }
}

16.总结

//回顾总结线程的创建
public class ThreadNew {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
         new MyThread1().start();

        MyThread2 myThread2 = new MyThread2();
        new Thread(myThread2).start();

        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(new MyThread3());
        new Thread(futureTask).start();;

        Integer integer = futureTask.get();
        System.out.println(integer);
    }
}

//1.继承Thread类
class MyThread1 extends Thread{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("MyThread1");
    }
}


//2.实现Runnable接口
class MyThread2 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("MyThread2");
    }
}


//3.实现Callable接口
class MyThread3 implements Callable<Integer>{

    @Override
    public Integer call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyThread2");
        return 200;
    }
}

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多线程详解

1.线程简介线程就是独立的执行路径在程序运行时,即使没有自己创建线程,后台也会有多个线程,如主线程,gc线程main()称之为主线程,为系统的入口,用于执行整个程序在一个进程中,如果开辟了多个线程,线程的运行由调度器安排调度,调度器是与操作系统密切相关的,先后顺序不能人为的干预对同一份资源操作时,会存在资源抢夺的问题,需要加入并发控制线程会带来额外的开销,如CPU调度时间,并发控制开销每个线程会在自己的工作内存交互,内存控制不当会造成数据不一致2.线程创建3.下载图片见工程Test
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