1.普通bean
- Spring 有两种类型 bean,一种普通 bean,另外一种工厂 bean(FactoryBean),普通 bean:在配置文件中定义 bean 类型就是返回类型. 普通bean的使用方式如下:
User类
package com.limi.test;
public class User {
private String name;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
测试类
package com.limi.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void test1(){
//1.加载bean的xml文件, 以src为根目录
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean1.xml");
//2.获取配置的对象, 参数1:bean的id值, 参数2: 类名.class
User user = context.getBean("User", User.class);
//3.使用User对象
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
}
bean1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--id是唯一标识, class是全类名 -->
<bean id="User" class="com.limi.test.User">
<property name="name" value="andy"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
测试结果
2.FactoryBean
工厂 bean:在配置文件定义 bean 类型可以和返回类型不一样.
- 第一步 创建类,让这个类作为工厂 bean,实现接口 FactoryBean.
- 第二步 实现接口里面的方法,在实现的方法中定义返回的 bean 类型
User类
package com.limi.test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
public class User implements FactoryBean<Student>{
@Override
public Student getObject() throws Exception {
Student stu = new Student();
stu.setNumber("123456");
return stu;
}
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return false;
}
}
Student类
package com.limi.test;
public class Student {
private String number;
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
}
bean1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--id是唯一标识, class是全类名 -->
<bean id="User" class="com.limi.test.User">
</bean>
</beans>
测试类
package com.limi.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void test1(){
//1.加载bean的xml文件, 以src为根目录
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean1.xml");
//2.获取配置的对象, 参数1:bean的id值, 参数2: 类名.class
Student student = context.getBean("User", Student.class);
//3.使用对象
System.out.println(student);
}
}
测试结果, 成功通过User获取了Student