09-SpringMVC 拦截器

1.拦截器的配置

SpringMVC中的拦截器用于拦截控制器方法的执行，拦截器需要实现HandlerInterceptor。

1.实现拦截器

FirstInterceptor

package com.limi.interceptor;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


@Component
public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========FirstInterceptor preHandle==========");
        return true; //true是放行， false是拦截
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========FirstInterceptor postHandle==========");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========FirstInterceptor afterCompletion==========");
    }
}

SecondInterceptor

package com.limi.interceptor;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@Component
public class SecondInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========SecondInterceptor preHandle==========");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========SecondInterceptor postHandle==========");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========SecondInterceptor afterCompletion==========");
    }
}

2.在配置文件中进行配置

SpringMVC的拦截器必须在SpringMVC的配置文件中进行配置：

方式1：

 	<mvc:interceptors>
        <bean class="com.limi.interceptor.FirstInterceptor"></bean>
        <bean class="com.limi.interceptor.SecondInterceptor"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptors>

方式2：

    <!--这种方式需要在FirstInterceptor和SecondInterceptor类上加上@Component注解-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
       <ref bean="firstInterceptor"></ref>
        <ref bean="secondInterceptor"></ref>
    </mvc:interceptors>

以上两种配置方式都是对DispatcherServlet所处理的所有的请求进行拦截.

方式3：

    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!-- 通过mvc:mapping设置需要拦截的请求，
                通过mvc:exclude-mapping设置需要排除的请求，即不需要拦截的请求
                -->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/index"/>
            <!-- 使用ref记得给FirstInterceptor类上加上@Component注解-->
            <ref bean="firstInterceptor"></ref>
            <!-- 上行的代码也可以换成<bean class="com.limi.interceptor.FirstInterceptor"></bean>-->
        </mvc:interceptor>
        
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/index"/>
            <ref bean="secondInterceptor"></ref>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

2.拦截器的三个抽象方法

SpringMVC中的拦截器有三个抽象方法：

①preHandle：控制器方法执行之前执行preHandle()，其boolean类型的返回值表示是否拦截或放行，返回true为放行，即调用控制器方法；返回false表示拦截，即不调用控制器方法

②postHandle：控制器方法执行之后执行postHandle()

③afterComplation：处理完视图和模型数据，渲染视图完毕之后执行afterComplation()

3.多个拦截器的执行顺序

1.若每个拦截器的preHandle()都返回true, 此时多个拦截器的执行顺序和拦截器在SpringMVC的配置文件的配置顺序有关, preHandle()会按照配置的顺序执行，而postHandle()和afterComplation()会按照配置的反序执行.

2.若某个拦截器的preHandle()返回了false, preHandle()返回false和它之前的拦截器的preHandle()都会执行，postHandle()都不执行，返回false的拦截器之前的拦截器的afterComplation()会执行.

4.运行测试

使用方式3在配置文件中配置拦截器.

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello world!</h1>
<a th:href="@{/success}">跳转</a>
</body>
</html>

LoginController

package com.limi.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @GetMapping("/index")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }

    @GetMapping("/success")
    public String test1(){
        System.out.println("======执行控制器中方法success======");
        return "success";
    }
}