映射结果集
Select元素来定义查询操作
Id:唯一标识符。
– 用来引用这条语句,需要和接口的方法名一致
parameterType:参数类型。
– 可以不传,MyBatis会根据TypeHandler自动推断
– 外部自定义的返回值
– 手动实现自定义结果集映射
以resultType举例
javabean:
public class Employee {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private String gender;
}
数据库:
Dao层接口:
public interface EmployeeMapperSelect {
//测试:resultType
public Employee getEmployeeById(Integer id);
public List<Employee> getEmpsByLastNameLike(String lastName);
public Map<String, Object> getEmpByIdReturnMap(Integer id);
//mybatis封装这个map的时候使用哪个属性作为主键
@MapKey("id")
public Map<Integer, Employee> getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap(String lastName);
}
案例:
1)简单查询
<select id="getEmployeeById" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee where id=#{id}
</select>
//简单查询
@Test
public void test01() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
Employee employee=mapper.getEmployeeById(16);
System.out.println(employee);
}
2)模糊查询返回List<Employee>
<select id="getEmpsByLastNameLike" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee where last_name like #{lastName}
</select>
@Test
public void test02() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
List<Employee> employee=mapper.getEmpsByLastNameLike("%a%");
System.out.println(employee);
}
3)Map返回单条记录->key是数据库列名,value是对应的值
<select id="getEmpByIdReturnMap" resultType="map">
select * from tbl_employee where id=#{id}
</select>
@Test
public void test03() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
Map<String, Object> map=mapper.getEmpByIdReturnMap(14);
System.out.println(map);
}
4)Map返回多条记录->key是该条记录的键(自定义),value是封装后的javabean
如何指定key?在dao层接口上添加注解-->告诉mybatis封装这个map的时候使用哪个属性作为键。
例如:@MapKey("id") 用封装employee后中的id属性作为键。
@MapKey("id")
public Map<Integer, Employee> getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap(String lastName);
<select id="getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee where last_name like #{lastName}
</select>
@Test
public void test04() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
Map<Integer, Employee> map=mapper.getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap("%a%");
System.out.println(map);
}
以resultMap举例(重难点):
加大难度后的需求1:联表查询部门信息
新的数据库字段:
新的javabean字段:
public class Employee2 {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private String gender;
private Department dept;
......
}
public class Department {
private Integer id;
private String departmentName;
private List<Employee> emps;
.......
}
Dao层接口():
//测试:resultMap
public Employee2 getEmpAndDept(Integer id);
public Employee2 getEmpAndDeptAssociation(Integer id);
public Employee2 getEmpByIdStep(Integer id);
手动设置映射关系-->指定数据库字段名与javabean字段名 封装规则:
<id />为主键属性
<result />为其余属性
1)嵌套结果集(级联属性封装结果集,例如dept.id):
<!-- id last_name gender did dept_name -->
<resultMap type="com.bean.Employee2" id="MyDifEmp">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
<result column="email" property="email"/>
<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
<result column="did" property="dept.id"/>
<result column="dept_name" property="dept.departmentName"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getEmpAndDept" resultMap="MyDifEmp">
select e.id id,e.last_name last_name,e.email email,e.gender gender,e.d_id d_id
,d.id did,d.dept_name dept_name
from tbl_employee e,tbl_dept d where e.d_id=d.id AND e.id=#{id};
</select>
id=17,sql语句执行结果:
@Test
public void test05() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
Employee2 employee2=mapper.getEmpAndDept(17);
System.out.println(employee2);
System.out.println(employee2.getDept());
}
2) 嵌套结果集(association定义单个对象封装规则)
association可以指定联合的javabean对象:
property:指定哪个属性是联合对象
javaType:指定这个属性对象的类型
<resultMap type="com.bean.Employee2" id="MyDifEmp2">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
<result column="email" property="email"/>
<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
<association property="dept" javaType="com.bean.Department">
<id column="did" property="id"/>
<result column="dept_name" property="departmentName"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="getEmpAndDeptAssociation" resultMap="MyDifEmp2">
select e.id id,e.last_name last_name,e.email email,e.gender gender,e.d_id d_id
,d.id did,d.dept_name dept_name
from tbl_employee e,tbl_dept d where e.d_id=d.id AND e.id=#{id};
</select>
<select id="getDeptById" resultType="com.bean.Department">
select id,dept_name departmentName from tbl_dept where id=#{id}
</select>
3)分步查询(association定义单个对象封装规则)
思路:
1、先按照员工id查询员工信息
2、根据查询员工信息中的d_id值去部门表查出部门信息
3、将部门设置到员工当中
新添加的Dao层:
package com.dao;
import com.bean.Department;
public interface DepartmentMapper {
public Department getDeptById(Integer id);//此案例的方法
public Department getDeptByIdPlus(Integer id);
public Department getDeptByIdStep(Integer id);
}
新添加的DepartmentMapperMapper.xml:
<select id="getDeptById" resultType="com.bean.Department">
select id,dept_name departmentName from tbl_dept where id=#{id}
</select>
执行流程:调用用getEmpByIdStemp方法,返回员工信息,再使用select指定的方法(传入column指定的这列参数的值)查出对象,并封装给property指定的属性。
分步的核心: property(属性值)调用select(查询方法)利用column(传递参数)
<resultMap type="com.bean.Employee2" id="MyEmpByStep">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
<result column="email" property="email"/>
<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
<!-- property(属性值)调用select(查询方法)利用column(传递参数) -->
<!-- 流程:使用select指定的方法(传入column指定的这列参数的值)查出对象,并封装给property指定的属性 -->
<association property="dept"
select="com.dao.DepartmentMapper.getDeptById"
column="d_id">
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="getEmpByIdStep" resultMap="MyEmpByStep">
select * from tbl_employee where id=#{id}
</select>
//分步查询association
@Test
public void test06() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
Employee2 employee2=mapper.getEmpByIdStep(17);
System.out.println(employee2);
System.out.println(employee2.getDept());
}
可以分析得出:发送了两条sql语句,只要执行就是两条,有时候可能不需要部门信息,这样容易带来不必要的资源消耗,下面将介绍延迟加载技术!
4)分步查询的延迟加载
实质就是-按需加载,减少资源消耗。
在案例3)中稍作修改:
1、添加两个全局配置
<settings>
<!--显示的指定每个我们需要更改的配置的值,即使他是默认的。防止版本更新带来的问题 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/><!-- 属性按需加载 -->
</settings>
2、测试类少写一行:
//分步查询(延迟加载)
@Test
public void test07() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperSelect mapper=openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperSelect.class);
Employee2 employee2=mapper.getEmpByIdStep(17);
System.out.println(employee2.getEmail());
//System.out.println(employee2.getDept());
}
结果分析:只发送了一条sql语句!因为我们现在不需要Department相关信息,因此分步查询第二条语句不会发送。
再次加大难度需求2:查询部门对应的所有员工信息也查询出来
增加后的Dao层(DepartmentMapper):
public interface DepartmentMapper {
//association 演示分步查询
public Department getDeptById(Integer id);
//嵌套查询
public Department getDeptByIdPlus(Integer id);
//分步查询
public Department getDeptByIdStep(Integer id);
}
修改后的javabean:
public class Department {
private Integer id;
private String departmentName;
private List<Employee> emps;
}
5)嵌套的方式(collection定义关联的集合类型的属性封装规则)
collection定义关联集合类型的属性的封装规则
ofType:指定集合里面元素的类型
<!--嵌套结果集的方式,使用collection标签定义关联的集合类型的属性封装规则 -->
<resultMap type="com.bean.Department" id="MyDept">
<id column="did" property="id"/>
<result column="dept_name" property="departmentName"/>
<!--
collection定义关联集合类型的属性的封装规则
ofType:指定集合里面元素的类型
-->
<collection property="emps" ofType="com.bean.Employee">
<!-- 定义这个集合中元素的封装规则 -->
<id column="eid" property="id"/>
<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
<result column="email" property="email"/>
<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- public Department getDeptByIdPlus(Integer id); -->
<select id="getDeptByIdPlus" resultMap="MyDept">
SELECT d.id did,d.dept_name dept_name,
e.id eid,e.last_name last_name,e.email email,e.gender gender
FROM tbl_dept d
LEFT JOIN tbl_employee e
ON d.id=e.d_id
WHERE d.id=#{id}
</select>
//分步查询返回集合(collection)
@Test
public void test08() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
DepartmentMapper mapper=openSession.getMapper(DepartmentMapper.class);
Department department=mapper.getDeptByIdPlus(1);
System.out.println(department);
System.out.println(department.getEmps());
}
//分步查询返回带有的集合(collection)
@Test
public void test09() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
DepartmentMapper mapper=openSession.getMapper(DepartmentMapper.class);
Department department=mapper.getDeptByIdStep(1);
System.out.println(department);
System.out.println(department.getEmps());
}
6)分步查询(collection)
EmployeeMapperSelect.java多添加一行(Dao层)
public Employee2 getEmpsByDeptId(Integer id);//测试collection分步查询
<!-- collection分步查询 -->
<select id="getEmpsByDeptId" resultType="com.bean.Employee2">
select * from tbl_employee where d_id=#{deptId};
</select>
<!-- collection:分段查询 -->
<resultMap type="com.bean.Department" id="MyDeptStep">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<id column="dept_name" property="departmentName"/>
<collection property="emps"
select="com.dao.EmployeeMapperSelect.getEmpsByDeptId"
column="{deptId=id}" >
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- public Department getDeptByIdStep(Integer id); -->
<select id="getDeptByIdStep" resultMap="MyDeptStep">
select id,dept_name from tbl_dept where id=#{id}
</select>
//分步查询返回带有的集合(collection)
@Test
public void test09() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
DepartmentMapper mapper=openSession.getMapper(DepartmentMapper.class);
Department department=mapper.getDeptByIdStep(1);
System.out.println(department);
System.out.println(department.getEmps());
}
扩展:
1)分步查询中传递多个值得时候
<collection property=" " select=" " column="{key1=column1,key2=column2}" >
2)分步查询中局部开启延迟加载
fetchType="lazy" :表示延迟加载
fetchType="lazy":表示立即查询
<collection property=" " select=" " column="{key1=column1,key2=column2}" fetchType="lazy">