并发线程池和阻塞式线程池实现

Executors创建线程池

java的线程池有很多种，最便捷的就是Executors创建线程池，直接指定线程池大小就可以使用了，比如Executors.newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads)，但是便捷不仅隐藏了复杂性，也为我们埋下了潜在的隐患（OOM，线程耗尽）。

方法名	功能
newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads)	创建固定大小的线程池
newSingleThreadExecutor()	创建只有一个线程的线程池
newCachedThreadPool()	创建一个不限线程数上限的线程池，任何提交的任务都将立即执行

 

当然了，小程序使用这些快捷方法没什么问题，对于服务端需要长期运行的程序，创建线程池应该直接使用ThreadPoolExecutor的构造方法。没错，上述Executors方法创建的线程池就是ThreadPoolExecutor。

ThreadPoolExecutor构造方法

/**
 * 线程池初始化方法
 * <p>
 * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----10
 * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----30
 * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit
 * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES
 * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10)====10容量的阻塞队列
 * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂
 * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时,
 * 即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)),
 * 任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理
 */
        ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 30, 30,
                TimeUnit.MINUTES, new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10), new CustomThreadFactory(), new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());
    

 

可以向线程池提交的任务有两种：Runnable和Callable，二者的区别如下：

1. 方法签名不同，void Runnable.run(), V Callable.call() throws Exception
2. 是否允许有返回值，Callable允许有返回值
3. 是否允许抛出异常，Callable允许抛出异常。

Callable是JDK1.5时加入的接口，作为Runnable的一种补充，允许有返回值，允许抛出异常。

 

所以，创建好线程后，然后线程池submit就可以了

 

这里我们定制属于自己的非阻塞线程池

package demo3;

import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * 定制属于自己的非阻塞线程池
 */
public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor {
    private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;

    /**
     * 线程池初始化方法
     * <p>
     * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----10
     * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----30
     * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit
     * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES
     * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10)====10容量的阻塞队列
     * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂
     * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时,
     * 即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)),
     * 任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理
     */

    public void init() {

        pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 30, 30,
                TimeUnit.MINUTES, new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10), new CustomThreadFactory(), new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());
    }

    public void destory() {
        if (pool != null) {
            pool.shutdownNow();
        }
    }

    public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() {
        return this.pool;
    }


    private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
        @Override
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
            //记录异常
            System.out.println("error...................");
        }
    }

    private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {

        private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);

        @Override
        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            Thread t = new Thread(r);
            String threadName = CustomThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1);

            System.out.println(threadName);
            t.setName(threadName);
            return t;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CustomThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomThreadPoolExecutor();

        //1. 初始化
        exec.init();

        ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor();

        for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("提交第" + i + "个任务");
            int finalI = i;
            pool.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        System.out.println(">>>task is running========" + finalI);
                        Thread.sleep(100);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
        }

}

 

这种是并发式的线程，添加进去的线程会同步执行，如果要实现一个个执行线程，就要定制属于自己的阻塞线程池

阻塞式的线程池核心是一个队列，当然了，普通线程也是一个队列，但是我们将添加的方式有offer转变为out，线程就只能一个一个执行了，

package demo3;

import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * @Author:Zach
 * @Description: 定制属于自己的阻塞线程池
 * @Date:Created in 15:26 2018/8/14
 * @Modified By:
 */
public class CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor {
    private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;

    /**
     * 线程池初始化方法
     * <p>
     * corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----1
     * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----3
     * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit
     * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES
     * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5)==== 5容量的阻塞队列
     * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂
     * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时,
     * 即当提交第9个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)),
     * 任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理
     */

    public void init() {

        pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 3, 30,
                TimeUnit.MINUTES, new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5), new CustomThreadFactory(), new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());
    }

    public void destory() {
        if (pool != null) {
            pool.shutdownNow();
        }
    }

    public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() {
        return this.pool;
    }


    private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
        @Override
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
            //核心改造点,由blockingqueue的offer改成put阻塞方法
            try {
                executor.getQueue().put(r);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {

        private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);

        @Override
        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            Thread t = new Thread(r);
            String threadName = CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1);

            System.out.println(threadName);
            t.setName(threadName);
            return t;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor();

        //1. 初始化
        exec.init();

        ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor();

        for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("提交第" + i + "个任务");
            pool.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        System.out.println(">>>task is running========");
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
        }

}