Java之IO流 字符流Reader Writer

总类为
reader
writer
主要用于
只读纯文本
只写纯文本

底层其实是
读入的时候 把字节转换成字符
输出的时候 把字符转换成字节
依赖码表

基本操作代码
用的特别少
因为 字节 ->字符 ->字节 特别的麻烦

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		FileReader fr = new  FileReader("xxx.txt");
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("xxxcopy.txt");
		int c;
		while((c = fr.read()) != -1) {
			fw.write(c);
		}
		fr.close();
		fw.close();  //writer中有2KB （1024个字符 一个字符占两个字节 ）的缓冲区 如果不关闭的话 可能内容会有缺失（要刷新）
	}
}

定义小数组

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		FileReader fr = new  FileReader("xxx.txt");
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("xxxcopy2.txt");
		
		char arrc[] = new char[1024];
		int len;
		while((len = fr.read(arrc)) != -1) {
			fw.write(arrc ,0 ,len);
		}
		fr.close();
		fw.close();
	}
}

带缓冲的字符流

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new  FileReader("xxx.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("xxxcopy3.txt"));
		
		int i;
		while((i = br.read()) != -1) {
			bw.write(i);
		}
		
		br.close();
		bw.close();

readline
newline 类似与\r\n 不过区别是
newline是跨平台操作 \r\n只支持Windows系统

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("zzz.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("aaa.txt"));
		
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();							//写出回车换行符
			//bw.write("\r\n");
		}
		br.close();
		bw.close();
	}

读取纯文本文件 并且反转内容
利用集合进行反转！

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new  FileReader("xxxcopy3.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("xxxcopy3rev.txt"));
		ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			list.add(line);
		}
		for(int i=list.size()-1 ;i>0;i--) {
			bw.write(list.get(i));
			bw.newLine();
		}
		
		br.close();
		bw.close();
	}
}

lineNumberReadr
功能 添加了行号

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.LineNumberReader;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		LineNumberReader lnr = new LineNumberReader(new  FileReader("xxxcopy3.txt"));
		
		String line;
		lnr.setLineNumber(100);
		while((line = lnr.readLine()) != null) {
			System.out.println(lnr.getLineNumber()+" : "+line);
		}
		lnr.close();
		
	}
}

装饰设计模式 降低耦合性 不要用继承 否则如果父类更改的话 那么对子类的影响很大
关键是装饰类的使用

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Student s = new Student();
		s.code();
		System.out.println("=======================");
		NBStudent nbs = new NBStudent(s);
		nbs.code();
	}
}
interface Coder{
	public void code();
}
class Student implements Coder{

	@Override
	public void code() {
		System.out.println("C");
		System.out.println("JAVA");
		System.out.println("C++");
	}
}
class NBStudent implements Coder{

	private Student s;    //获取被装饰类的引用
	
	public NBStudent(Student s) {
		this.s = s;
	}
	@Override
	public void code() {
		s.code();
		System.out.println("Android");
		System.out.println("MySQL");
		System.out.println("OpenGL");
	}
}

使用不同码表来读写
主要使用了
InputStreamReader 是一个字符流 功能是字符流与字节流的桥梁 用其构造方法来实现不同码表之间的转换
同理 OutputStreamWriter( out Stream, String charset)
两个参数一个是字节流对象 一个是指定的码表

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//		demo1();
		BufferedReader br = 
			new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("utf-8.txt"), "utf-8"));
		BufferedWriter bw = 
			new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("gbk.txt"),"gbk"));
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();
		}
		
		br.close();
		bw.close();
		
	}

	public static void demo1() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		//默认版本  eclipse是用 gbk
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("utf-8.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("gbk.txt"));
		
		String line;
		while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();
		}
		
		br.close();
		bw.close();
	}
}

详细图解

记录每个字符出现的次数 使用IO流来生成一个记录次数的txt文件

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.util.TreeMap;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("xxxcopy3.txt"));
		TreeMap<Character, Integer> tm = new TreeMap<>();
		int ch;
		while((ch = br.read()) != -1) {
			char c = (char)ch;
			tm.put(c, tm.containsKey(c) ? tm.get(c)+1 : 1 );
		}
		br.close();
		BufferedWriter bw =new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("times.txt"));
		for(Character key : tm.keySet()) {
			switch(key) {
			case '\t' :
				bw.write("\\t" + "=" +tm.get(key));
				break;
			case '\n' :
				bw.write("\\r"+"="+tm.get(key));
				break;
			case '\r' :
				bw.write("\\n"+"="+tm.get(key));
				break;
			default :
				bw.write(key+"="+tm.get(key));
				break;
			}
			bw.newLine();
		}
		bw.close();
	}
}

对同一文件进行IO流操作

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//读入文件
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("xxx.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = null;
		String s;
		while((s = br.readLine()) !=null) {
			int count = Integer.parseInt(s);
			if(count <=0) {
				System.out.println("您的使用次数还有0次 ,请购买正版");
				break;
			}
			count--;
			System.out.println("您的使用次数还有"+count +"次");
			//写出文件  文件如果存在就全部清空
			bw =new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("xxx.txt"));
			bw.write(count+"");
		}
		br.close();
		if(bw != null) {
			bw.close();
		}
	}
}

利用递归搜索文件夹中的所有java文件

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		File Dir = getDir();
		printJava(Dir);
	}
	
	public static File getDir()
	{
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		while(true) {
			String s = sc.nextLine();
			File Dir = new File(s);
			if(!Dir.exists()) {
				System.out.println("文件夹路径有误 请重新输入");
			}else if(Dir.isFile()) {
				System.out.println("您输入的是文件路径 不是文件夹路径");
			}else if(Dir.isDirectory()) {
				return Dir;
			}
		}
	}
	
	public static void printJava(File dir)
	{
		File[] subFiles = dir.listFiles();
		for (File file : subFiles) {
			if(file.isFile() && file.getName().endsWith(".java")) {
				System.out.println(file);
			}else if(file.isDirectory()) {
				printJava(file);
			}
		}
	}
}