C++多态的概念（成立条件）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class People
{
protected:
    char name[32];
public:
    People(char *n)
    {
	strcpy(name, n);
    }

    virtual void show()
    {
	cout << "name=" << name << endl;
    }
};

class Student : public People		//多态成立条件一：要有继承
{
protected:
    int age;
public:
    Student(char *n, int a): People(n)
    {
	age = a;
    }

    void show()				//多态成立条件二：虚函数重写   派生类的virtual可省略 因为派生类具有覆盖关系，与基类同名函数将自动成为虚函数
    {
	cout << "name=" << name << "  " << "age=" << age << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    Student s("aaa",1);
    s.show();		//默认调用派生类成员
    s.People::show();
    cout << "===================" << endl;

    People *p = new People("bbb");	//基类指针指向基类对象
    p->show();
    Student *ps = new Student("bbb",2);	//派生类指针指向派生类对象
    ps->show();
    p = new Student("bbb",2);		//多态成立条件三：基类指针指向派生类对象   调用派生类函数
    p->show();
    delete p;
    delete ps;
    cout << "===============" << endl;

    People *pc = NULL;
    pc = new People("ccc");
    pc->show();
    pc = new Student("ccc",3);
    pc->show();
    delete pc;
    return 0;
}

总结：多态成立条件
1、要有继承关系
2、派生类中要有虚函数重写
3、基类指针指向派生类对象