Linux安装MySQL5.7

以下大部分内容参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37598011/article/details/93489404

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1oZLaBAELK9tuB1FCfQfzUg 提取码: mvji

官方下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

解压

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar 

再移动并重命名一下

mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

创建数据目录并赋予权限

mkdir -p  /data/mysql              #创建目录
chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql   #赋予权限

配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

内容如下

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

初始化数据库
进入mysql的bin目录

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

初始化

./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

如果报错如下

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

执行以下命令解决问题

rpm -qa|grep libaio  #如果没有内容，在往下执行
yum install  libaio-devel.x86_64 #安装libaio

查看密码,请记下来

cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

启动mysql，并更改root 密码

service mysql start

如果出现如下错误

Starting MySQL.2021-08-20T07:00:53.726619Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/mysq[FAILED]

执行以下命令解决问题

 mkidr /var/log/mariadb
 touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
 chown -R  mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/

重新启动服务

service mysql start#启动MySQL
ps -ef|grep mysql#查看MySQL进程

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysql -u root -p  

再执行下面三步操作，然后重新登录。

SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;      

如果无法使用远程连接。

这里主要执行下面三个命令(先登录数据库)

use mysql                                            #访问mysql库
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';      #使root能再任何host访问
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                    #刷新

如果不希望每次都到bin目录下使用mysql命令则执行以下命令

ln -s  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql    /usr/bin