设计模式：命令模式

概念

将一个请求封装成一个对象，从而使你可用不同的请求对客户进行参数化；对请求排队或记录请求日志，以及支持可撤销的操作。
使用命令模式可以将命令的执行者和请求者解耦。

代码

执行者

public class Executor {
    public void appointedToBegForFood () {
        System.out.println("孙悟空被派去化缘");
    }

    public void appointedToExplore(){
        System.out.println("孙悟空被派去探路");
    }

}

抽象命令

public abstract class Command {
    protected Executor executor;

    public Command(Executor executor) {
        this.executor = executor;
    }

    public void setExecutor(Executor executor) {
        this.executor = executor;
    }

    public abstract void executeCommand () ;
}

具体命令一

public class BegFoodCommand extends Command {
    public BegFoodCommand(Executor executor) {
        super(executor);
    }

    @Override
    public void executeCommand() {
        this.executor.appointedToBegForFood();
    }
}

具体命令二

public class ExploreCommand extends Command {

    public ExploreCommand(Executor executor) {
        super(executor);
    }

    @Override
    public void executeCommand() {
        this.executor.appointedToExplore();
    }
}

请求者

public class Ivoker {
    private Command command;

    public void setCommand(Command command){
        this.command = command;
    }

    public void notifyExecutor() {
        command.executeCommand();
    }
}

客户端

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Executor sunWukong = new Executor();
        Ivoker tangXuanzang = new Ivoker();
        Command begFoodCommand = new BegFoodCommand(sunWukong);
        Command exploreCommand = new ExploreCommand(sunWukong);

        tangXuanzang.setCommand(begFoodCommand);
        tangXuanzang.notifyExecutor();

        tangXuanzang.setCommand(exploreCommand);
        tangXuanzang.notifyExecutor();
    }
}
// 孙悟空被派去化缘
// 孙悟空被派去探路

特点

使用命令模式可以将命令的执行者和请求者解耦，同时方便添加新的命令。但是命令模式支持可撤销的操作是如何实现的。