多线程交替执行

场景描述

线程ABC交替执行，A执行完B执行，B执行完C执行，C执行完A执行。

算法

Lock的多条件变量

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        Condition first = lock.newCondition();
        Condition second = lock.newCondition();
        Condition third = lock.newCondition();

        MyThread thread1 = new MyThread(first, second, "第一个线程", lock);
        MyThread thread2 = new MyThread(second, third, "第二个线程", lock);
        MyThread thread3 = new MyThread(third, first, "第三个线程", lock);

        new Thread(thread1).start();
        new Thread(thread2).start();
        new Thread(thread3).start();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            lock.lock();
            first.signal();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

class MyThread implements Runnable {

    private Condition condition;
    private Condition nextCondition;
    private String threadName;

    private ReentrantLock lock;

    public MyThread(Condition condition, Condition nextCondition, String threadName, ReentrantLock lock) {
        this.condition = condition;
        this.nextCondition = nextCondition;
        this.threadName = threadName;
        this.lock = lock;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int num = 0;
        while (num < 5) {
            if (lock.tryLock()) {
                try {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                        condition.await();
                        System.out.println(threadName + " 运行第 " + (num + 1) + " 次");
                        num++;
                        nextCondition.signal();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        }
    }


}

park

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Runner runner1 = new Runner(5, null);
        Thread t1  = new Thread(runner1, "t1");
        Runner runner2 = new Runner(5, null);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(runner2, "t2");
        Runner runner3 = new Runner(5, null);
        Thread t3 = new Thread(runner3, "t3");
        // 这里不能一开始就注入 nextThread 属性，因为一开始都是空，需要先初始化后手动注入
        runner1.setNextThread(t2);
        runner2.setNextThread(t3);
        runner3.setNextThread(t1);
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            LockSupport.unpark(t1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class Runner implements Runnable {
    private int loopNum;
    private Thread nextThread;

    public Runner(int loopNum, Thread nextThread) {
        this.loopNum = loopNum;
        this.nextThread = nextThread;
    }

    public void setNextThread(Thread nextThread) {
        this.nextThread = nextThread;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int index = 0;
        while (index < loopNum) {
            try {
                // 休眠任意整数秒
                Thread.sleep(1000L *(int)(Math.random()*10));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            LockSupport.park();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 运行了 " + ++index + "次");
            LockSupport.unpark(nextThread);
        }
    }
}