Spring中的事务控制（上）

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-24 11:42:53 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41949320/article/details/106795230

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先来看我们数据库中的表：
在这里插入图片描述
我们要做的事情，就是熟悉的转账操作，不过这次是用Spring容器中进行的。

栗子：未开启事务的转账

1、首先提供一个账户的实体类 Account.java（具体参考上一篇博文，在此不做展示）
2、给出账户的持久层接口 IAccountDao.java

public interface IAccountDao {
	
     /**
	 * 更新
     * @param account
     */
	 void updateAccount(Account account);
	 
    /**
     * 根据id查询账户
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);
}

3、给出账户的持久层实现类 AccountDaoImpl.java

@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
	  @Autowired
	  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

		@Override
		public void updateAccount(Account account) {
			 try{
		            jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name = ?, money = ? where id = ?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
		        }catch (Exception e){
		            throw new RuntimeException(e);
		        }

		}


		@Override
		public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
			 try{
		            return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
		        }catch (Exception e){
		            throw new RuntimeException(e);
		        }
		}

}

4、给出账户的业务层接口 IAccountService.java

public interface IAccountService {
    /**
     * 执行转账操作
     * @param inId 转入的id
     * @param outId 转出的id
     * @param money 转入转出的金额
     */
    void transfer(Integer inId, Integer outId, Float money);
}

5、给出账户的业务层实现类 AccountServiceImpl.java

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{
	@Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }

    public void transfer(Integer inId, Integer outId, Float money) {
        Account in = accountDao.findAccountById(inId);
        Account out = accountDao.findAccountById(outId);

        in.setMoney(in.getMoney() + money);
        out.setMoney(out.getMoney() - money);
        accountDao.updateAccount(in);

        int d = 1/0; //模拟异常

        accountDao.updateAccount(out);
    }

}

6、给出bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 告知spring在创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="dao"></context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="service"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!--配置jdbcTemplate-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
	    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
	    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"></property>
	    <property name="username" value="root"></property>
	    <property name="password" value="root"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

7、测试类AccountServiceTest

public class AccountServiceTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		//1.获取容易
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        as.transfer(1,2,100f);
    }
	
}

当注释掉异常时

可以看到，转账操作成功，id为1的多了100，id为2的多了900.

当开启异常时

开启异常时，会发生转账失败，也就是id为1的账户增加了100（转入成功），而id为1的账户却没有减少（转出失败），这并不是我们想要的结果！！！
这时候就需要引入事务

开启转账的事务操作

项目所需的jar包：
在这里插入图片描述
1、首先提供一个账户的实体类 Account.java
2、给出账户的持久层接口 IAccountDao.java

public interface IAccountDao {

    void updateAccount(Account account);

    Account findAccountByName(String accountName);
}

3、给出账户的持久层实现类 AccountDaoImpl.java

public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {

    private QueryRunner runner;
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;

    public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
        this.runner = runner;
    }

    public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
        this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        try{
            runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        try{
            List<Account> accounts = runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account where name = ? ",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
            if(accounts == null || accounts.size() == 0){
                return null;
            }
            if(accounts.size() > 1){
                throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一，数据有问题");
            }
            return accounts.get(0);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

4、给出账户的业务层接口 IAccountService.java

public interface IAccountService {
    void transfer(String sourceName,String targetName,Float money);
}

5、给出账户的业务层实现类 AccountServiceImpl.java

public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{

    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
        System.out.println("transfer....");
            //2.1根据名称查询转出账户
            Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
            //2.2根据名称查询转入账户
            Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
            //2.3转出账户减钱
            source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
            //2.4转入账户加钱
            target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
            //2.5更新转出账户
            accountDao.updateAccount(source);

          // int i=1/0;

            //2.6更新转入账户
            accountDao.updateAccount(target);
    }
}

6、给出bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

     <!-- 配置Service -->
    <bean id="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImpl">
        <!-- 注入dao -->
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置Dao对象-->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImpl">
        <!-- 注入QueryRunner -->
        <property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
        <!-- 注入ConnectionUtils -->
        <property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置QueryRunner-->
    <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype"></bean>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
	    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
	    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"></property>
	    <property name="username" value="root"></property>
	    <property name="password" value="root"></property>
	</bean>

    <!-- 配置Connection的工具类 ConnectionUtils -->
    <bean id="connectionUtils" class="utils.ConnectionUtils">
        <!-- 注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="txManager" class="utils.TransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入ConnectionUtils -->
        <property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--配置通用切入点表达式-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pt1" expression="execution(* service.*.*(..))"></aop:pointcut>
        <aop:aspect id="txAdvice" ref="txManager">
            <!--配置前置通知：开启事务-->
            <aop:before method="beginTransaction" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:before>
            <!--配置后置通知：提交事务-->
            <aop:after-returning method="commit" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:after-returning>
            <!--配置异常通知：回滚事务-->
            <aop:after-throwing method="rollback" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:after-throwing>
            <!--配置最终通知：释放连接-->
            <aop:after method="release" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:after>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

7、两个工具类：
ConnectionUtils.java

/**
 * 连接的工具类，它用于从数据源中获取一个连接，并且实现和线程的绑定
 */
public class ConnectionUtils {

    private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();

    private DataSource dataSource;

    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前线程上的连接
     * @return
     */
    public Connection getThreadConnection() {
        try{
            //1.先从ThreadLocal上获取
            Connection conn = tl.get();
            //2.判断当前线程上是否有连接
            if (conn == null) {
                //3.从数据源中获取一个连接，并且存入ThreadLocal中
                conn = dataSource.getConnection();
                tl.set(conn);
            }
            //4.返回当前线程上的连接
            return conn;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 把连接和线程解绑
     */
    public void removeConnection(){
        tl.remove();
    }
}

TransactionManager.java

package utils;

/**
 * 和事务管理相关的工具类，它包含了，开启事务，提交事务，回滚事务和释放连接
 */
public class TransactionManager {

    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;

    public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
        this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
    }

    /**
     * 开启事务
     */
    public  void beginTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 提交事务
     */
    public  void commit(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 回滚事务
     */
    public  void rollback(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    /**
     * 释放连接
     */
    public  void release(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();//还回连接池中
            connectionUtils.removeConnection();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

7、测试类AccountServiceTest
当未开启异常时：
在这里插入图片描述

当开启异常时：

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Spring中的事务控制（上）

先来看我们数据库中的表：我们要做的事情，就是熟悉的转账操作，不过这次是用Spring容器中进行的。栗子：未开启事务的转账1、首先提供一个账户的实体类 Account.java（具体参考上一篇博文，在此不做展示）2、给出账户的持久层接口 IAccountDao.javapublic interface IAccountDao { /** * 更新 * @param account */ void updateAccount(Account account)
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