记一次简单投票DApp实现过程

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-01 11:19:38 发布

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本文档详细介绍了在Deepin环境下使用Solidity编写和部署智能合约的过程，通过ganache-cli进行合约交互，并展示了一个简单的投票应用。在HTML页面中实现了对合约的调用，实时更新投票结果。同时，文章提到了在不同操作系统中遇到的问题及解决方案。

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1.环境说明

系统:deepin20
web3:0.20.1
solc:0.4.22
ganache-cli:6.12.2
失败过程:win10上面solc编译直接闪退，然后在centos上编译得到abi、合约地址拿到win10来用，投票的时候html不更新，但是ganche显示发送了交易；猜测是合约地址的问题，所以在deepin桌面上进行实验

2.智能合约

pragma solidity^0.4.22;

contract Voting {
    mapping(bytes32 => uint8) public votesReceived;
    bytes32[] public candidateList;
    constructor (bytes32[] candidateNames) public {
        candidateList = candidateNames;
    }

    function candidateVotes(bytes32 candidate) public view returns(uint8) {
        require(_candidateValidation(candidate), "Invalid candidate.");
        return votesReceived[candidate];
    }


    function VoteToCandidate(bytes32 candidate) public {
        require(_candidateValidation(candidate), "Invalid candidate.");
        votesReceived[candidate]++;
    }
    
    function _candidateValidation(bytes32 candidate) private view returns(bool) {
        for(uint i = 0; i < candidateList.length; ++i) {
            if(candidateList[i] == candidate)
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

3.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Hello World DApp</title>
  <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,700' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
  <link href='https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
</head>
<body class="container">
  <h1>A Simple Hello World Voting Application</h1>
  <div class="table-responsive">
    <table class="table table-bordered">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <th>Candidate</th>
          <th>Votes</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <td>Justin</td>
          <td id="candidate-1"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>UltraMan</td>
          <td id="candidate-2"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>Omega</td>
          <td id="candidate-3"></td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
  <input type="text" id="candidate" />
  <a href="#" onclick="VoteToCandidate()" class="btn btn-primary">Vote</a>
</body>
<script src="./web3.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.slim.min.js"></script>
<script src="./index.js"></script>
</html>

4.编译、部署合约

1)启动ganache-cli

cd web3_test
cd node_modules
cd ganache-cli
node cli.js

在这里插入图片描述

2)编译部署

Web3 = require('web3')
var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider('http://localhost:8545'));
var fs = require('fs');
var solc = require('solc');
var sourceCode = fs.readFileSync('Voting.sol').toString();
var compileCode = solc.compile(sourceCode,1);
var temp = compileCode.contracts[':Voting'].interface;
var abi = JSON.parse(temp);
var byteCode = compileCode.contracts[':Voting'].bytecode
var VotingContract = web3.eth.contract(abi)
var deployTxObject = {from:web3.eth.accounts[0],data:byteCode,gas:3000000}
var contractInstance = VotingContract.new(["Justin","UltraMan","Omega"],deployTxObject)

3)获取abi、address,编写index.js

在这里插入图片描述

web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://localhost:8545"));
abi = JSON.parse('[{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"candidate","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"candidateVotes","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"candidate","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"VoteToCandidate","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"votesReceived","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"candidateList","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"candidateNames","type":"bytes32[]"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"}]')
VotingContract = web3.eth.contract(abi);
contractInstance = VotingContract.at('0xec43af27fabe5b8e3efaa96ee3445cee60026fb6');
candidates = {"Justin": "candidate-1", "UltraMan": "candidate-2", "Omega": "candidate-3"}
function VoteToCandidate() {
  candidateName = $("#candidate").val();
  contractInstance.VoteToCandidate(candidateName, {from: web3.eth.accounts[0]}, function() {
    let div_id = candidates[candidateName];
    $("#" + div_id).html(contractInstance.candidateVotes.call(candidateName).toString());
  });
}
$(document).ready(function() {
  candidateNames = Object.keys(candidates);
  for (var i = 0; i < candidateNames.length; i++) {
    let name = candidateNames[i];
    let val = contractInstance.candidateVotes.call(name).toString()
    $("#" + candidates[name]).html(val);
  }
});