OpenCV+Tensorflow 人工智能图像处理（三十五）—— 直方图均衡化

#本质：统计每个像素灰度出现概率 0-255
"""
若第一个灰度等级出现的概率是0.1，第二个灰度等级出现的概率是0.2，第三个灰度等级出现的概率是0.4
那么，第一个灰度等级的累计概率就是0.1，第二个灰度等级的累计概率是0.3，第三个灰度等级的累计概率是0.7
如100这个累计概率为0.5，那么255*0.5得到一个新值，做100到这个新值之间的映射，将所有100等级的值用映射后的新值替代
就是直方图的均衡化
"""
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('car.jpg', 1)   #读取图片
imgInfo = img.shape  #维度信息
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)   #转灰度
count = np.zeros(256, np.float)
for i in range(0, height):
    for j in range(0, width):
        pixel = gray[i, j]   #获取每一个像素
        index = int(pixel)
        count[index] = count[index] + 1  #灰度统计
for i in range(0, 255):
    count[i] = count[i]/(height * width)
#计算累计概率
sum1 = float(0)
for i in range(0, 256):
    sum1 = sum1 + count[i]
    count[i] = sum1
#计算映射表
map1 = np.zeros(256, np.uint16)
for i in range(0, 256):
    map1[i] = np.uint16(count[i]*255)
#映射
for i in range(0, height):
    for j in range(0, width):
        pixel = gray[i, j]   #获取每一个像素
        gray[i, j] = map1[pixel]
        count[index] = count[index] + 1  #灰度统计

cv2.imshow('dst', gray)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#彩色
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('car.jpg', 1)   #读取图片
imgInfo = img.shape  #维度信息
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
#gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)   #转灰度
count_b = np.zeros(256, np.float)
count_g = np.zeros(256, np.float)
count_r = np.zeros(256, np.float)
for i in range(0, height):
    for j in range(0, width):
        (b, g, r) = img[i, j]  # 获取每一个像素
        index_b = int(b)
        index_g = int(g)
        index_r = int(r)
        count_b[index_b] = count_b[index_b] + 1  # 颜色统计
        count_g[index_g] = count_g[index_g] + 1
        count_r[index_r] = count_r[index_r] + 1
for i in range(0, 255):
    count_b[i] = count_b[index_b]/(height * width)
    count_g[i] = count_g[index_g] / (height * width)
    count_r[i] = count_r[index_r] / (height * width)
#计算累计概率
sum_b = float(0)
sum_g = float(0)
sum_r = float(0)
for i in range(0, 256):
    sum_b = sum_b + count_b[i]
    sum_g = sum_g + count_g[i]
    sum_r = sum_r + count_r[i]
    count_b[i] = sum_b
    count_g[i] = sum_g
    count_r[i] = sum_r
#计算映射表
map_b = np.zeros(256, np.uint16)
map_g = np.zeros(256, np.uint16)
map_r = np.zeros(256, np.uint16)
for i in range(0, 256):
    map_b[i] = np.uint16(count_b[i]*255)
    map_g[i] = np.uint16(count_g[i] * 255)
    map_r[i] = np.uint16(count_r[i] * 255)
#映射
dst = np.zeros((height, width, 3), np.uint8)
for i in range(0, height):
    for j in range(0, width):
        (b, g, r) = img[i, j]
        b = map_b[b]
        g = map_g[g]
        r = map_r[r]
        dst[i, j] = (b, g, r)
cv2.imshow('dst', dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

 

 

欢迎关注微信公众号“源起1024”或扫描下方二维码获取更多学习资源