爬虫并储存于excel-example

#! --coding:utf-8 --

from urllib import request, parse
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as BS
import requests
import json
import datetime
import xlsxwriter

starttime = datetime.datetime.now()

url = r’http://www.lagou.com/jobs/positionAjax.json?city=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC’

拉钩网的招聘信息都是动态获取的，所以需要通过post来递交json信息，默认城市为北京

tag = [‘companyName’, ‘companyShortName’, ‘positionName’, ‘education’, ‘salary’, ‘financeStage’, ‘companySize’,
‘industryField’, ‘companyLabelList’] # 这是需要抓取的标签信息，包括公司名称，学历要求，薪资等等

tag_name = [‘公司名称’, ‘公司简称’, ‘职位名称’, ‘所需学历’, ‘工资’, ‘公司资质’, ‘公司规模’, ‘所属类别’, ‘公司介绍’]

def read_page(): # 模仿浏览器post需求信息，并读取返回后的页面信息
headers = {
‘User-Agent’: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/89.0.4389.114 Mobile Safari/537.36 Edg/89.0.774.68’
}

data = {
‘username’: ‘ucbqzx9’,
‘password’: ‘xzjXZJ7791703’
}

url = ‘https://moodle.ucl.ac.uk/login/index.php’
session = requests.Session()
session.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)

登录后，我们需要获取另一个网页中的内容

response = session.get(‘https://moodle.ucl.ac.uk/my/’, headers=headers)
print(response.status_code)
return response.text

def read_tag(page, tag):
page_json = json.loads(page)
page_json = page_json[‘content’][‘result’] # 通过分析获取的json信息可知，招聘信息包含在返回的result当中，其中包含了许多其他参数
page_result = [num for num in range(15)] # 构造一个容量为15的list占位，用以构造接下来的二维数组
for i in range(15):
page_result[i] = [] # 构造二维数组
for page_tag in tag:
page_result[i].append(page_json[i].get(page_tag)) # 遍历参数，将它们放置在同一个list当中
page_result[i][8] = ‘,’.join(page_result[i][8])
return page_result # 返回当前页的招聘信息

def read_max_page(page): # 获取当前招聘关键词的最大页数，大于30的将会被覆盖，所以最多只能抓取30页的招聘信息
page_json = json.loads(page)
max_page_num = page_json[‘content’][‘totalPageCount’]
if max_page_num > 30:
max_page_num = 30
return max_page_num

def save_excel(fin_result, tag_name, file_name): # 将抓取到的招聘信息存储到excel当中
book = xlsxwriter.Workbook(r’C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop%s.xls’ % file_name) # 默认存储在桌面上
tmp = book.add_worksheet()
row_num = len(fin_result)
for i in range(1, row_num):
if i == 1:
tag_pos = ‘A%s’ % i
tmp.write_row(tag_pos, tag_name)
else:
con_pos = ‘A%s’ % i
content = fin_result[i-1] # -1是因为被表格的表头所占
tmp.write_row(con_pos, content)
book.close()

if name == ‘main’:
print(‘即将进行抓取’)
keyword = input(‘请输入您要搜索的语言类型：’)
fin_result = [] # 将每页的招聘信息汇总成一个最终的招聘信息
max_page_num = read_max_page(read_page(url, 1, keyword))
for page_num in range(1, max_page_num):
print(‘正在下载第%s页内容***’ % page_num)
page = read_page(url, page_num, keyword)
page_result = read_tag(page, tag)
fin_result.extend(page_result)
file_name = input(‘抓取完成，输入文件名保存：’)
save_excel(fin_result, tag_name, file_name)
endtime = datetime.datetime.now()
time = (endtime - starttime).seconds
print(‘总共用时：%s s’ % time)