WPF---＞自定义窗口

Window类继承自ContentControl类。
可以通过设置WindowStyle=“None”，完全移除窗口框架，从而创建一个可完全定制的窗口，但是有各种各样的不方便，所以本文使用WindowChrome.WindowChrome来自定义窗口

基础知识

Window类基本属性

属性	作用	值
AllowsTransparency	窗口是否透明	True 允许其他窗口透过该窗口显示 False 窗口背后的内容永远不能显示，并且透明的背景被呈现为黑色背景 当与WindowStyle="None"属性结合使用，可创建形状不规则的窗口
Icon	窗口图标
Top&Left	设置屏幕窗口左上角到 屏幕顶部与左侧的距离	当WindowStartupPosition属性设置为Manual，可在窗口显示之前设计窗口位置
ResizeMode	用户是否可以改变窗口尺寸	NoResize 完全锁定窗口尺寸 CanMinimize 只允许最小化窗口 CanResize允许任意改变窗口尺寸 CanResizeWithGrip 在窗口右下角添加图形细节，表示可以改变窗口尺寸
ReStroeBounds	获取窗口边界
ShowInTaskbar	在任务栏Alt+Tab中显示	True False
SizeToContent	创建自动放大缩小尺寸的窗口	Manual 禁止窗口自动改变尺寸 Height、Whidth、Width And Height 允许窗口在不同方向进行扩展以适应动态内容。 当使用SIzeContent属性时窗口尺寸可以放大到超出屏幕边界
Title	窗口标题栏
Topmost	在最上层显示	True 在应用程序的所有所有其他窗口的上面显示(除非其他窗口的Topmost也为True)
WindowStartupLocation	窗口初始位置设置	Manual 使用Left&Top设置窗口位置 CenterScreen 在屏幕中心显示窗口 CenterOwner 在父窗口中心显示
WindowState	控制当前窗口是否最大化，最小化或处于正常状态	Normal 正常 Maximized 最大化
WindowStyle	决定窗口边框	SingleBorderWindow 默认值None 在没有标题栏的区域周围有一条凸起的细边框

显示

方法	效果	解释
Show()	显示非模态窗口
ShowDialog()	显示模态窗口	阻止用户访问父窗口

自定义窗口

Window的标准布局很简单，大致上就是标题栏和内容。以下代码仅供参考，部分依赖文件未贴出
相关链接：【tilte拖动与双击相应的实现】、【HandyControl控件库】

• xaml文件

     <!--按钮样式-->
  <Style x:Key="WindowBaseButton" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
      <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
      <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
      <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
      <Setter Property="Height" Value="35"/>
      <Setter Property="Width" Value="40"/>
      <Setter Property="Template">
          <Setter.Value>
              <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                  <Border BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" >
                      <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"/>
                  </Border>
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                      <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
                          <Setter Property="Background" Value="#bbc2cc"/>
                      </Trigger >
                      <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
                          <Setter Property="Background" Value="#8994a1"/>
                      </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
              </ControlTemplate>
          </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
  </Style>
  <!--关闭按钮-->
  <Style x:Key="WindowClosedButton" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
      <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
      <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
      <Setter Property="Height" Value="35"/>
      <Setter Property="Width" Value="40"/>
          <Setter Property="Template">
          <Setter.Value>
              <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                      <Border BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" >
                          <!--<ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"/>-->
                      <Path x:Name="ClosedPath" Fill="{DynamicResource PrimaryContentBrush}" Height="15" Width="15" Data="{DynamicResource WindowsCloseGeometry}"/>
                  </Border>
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                      <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
                          <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource LightRedBrush}"/>
                          <Setter Property="Fill" Value="{DynamicResource LightTextBrush}" TargetName="ClosedPath"/>
                      </Trigger >
                      <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
                          <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource DarkRedBrush}"/>
                          <Setter Property="Fill" Value="{DynamicResource LightTextBrush}" TargetName="ClosedPath"/>
                      </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
              </ControlTemplate>
          </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
  </Style>
  
  <Style x:Key="CommonWindowStyle" TargetType="{x:Type mw:CommonWindow}">
      <Setter Property="HeaderHeight" Value="35"/>
      <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource LightTextBrush}"/>
      <Setter Property="Title" Value="CommonWindow"/>
          <Setter Property="WindowChrome.WindowChrome">
          <Setter.Value>
              <WindowChrome CornerRadius="0" GlassFrameThickness="1" UseAeroCaptionButtons="False" NonClientFrameEdges="None"/>
          </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
      <Setter Property="Template">
          <Setter.Value>
              <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type mw:CommonWindow}">
                  <Border BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" x:Name="WindowBorder">
                      <Grid x:Name="root" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"  Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
                          <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                              <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                              <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
                          </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                          <Grid x:Name="PART_WindowTitleGrid" Grid.Row="0">
                              <Border Name="header" Background="{DynamicResource WindowTitleBrush}" 
                                      BorderThickness="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=BorderThickness}"
                                      Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                  <DockPanel Height="Auto">
                                      <!--图标-->
                                      <StackPanel VerticalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal" DockPanel.Dock="Left">
                                          <Image Source="{TemplateBinding Icon}" MaxHeight="20" MaxWidth="20" Margin="10,0,0,0"/>
                                          <TextBlock Text="{TemplateBinding Title}" FontSize="14" FontFamily="Microsoft Yihi" 
                                                     VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="6,0,0,0"></TextBlock>
                                      </StackPanel>
                                      <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Right"  HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                                                  VerticalAlignment="Top" Orientation="Horizontal" Height="Auto"
                                                  WindowChrome.IsHitTestVisibleInChrome="True">
                                          <Button x:Name="btnMin"  Style="{StaticResource WindowBaseButton}" 
                                                  Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},
                                                      Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                              <Button.Content>
                                                  <Path x:Name="MiniPath" Fill="{DynamicResource PrimaryContentBrush}" Data="{DynamicResource WindowsMinGeometry}"  Width="15" Height="15"/>
                                              </Button.Content>
                                          </Button>
                                          <Button x:Name="btnMax" Style="{StaticResource WindowBaseButton}" Height="{Binding 
                                                  RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                              <Button.Content>
                                                  <mw:SimplePanel>
                                                      <Path x:Name="MaxPath" Stroke="{DynamicResource PrimaryContentBrush}" Height="15" Width="15" Stretch="Uniform" Data="{DynamicResource WindowsMaxGeometry}"/>
                                                  </mw:SimplePanel>
                                              </Button.Content>
                                          </Button>
                                          <Button x:Name="btnClose" 
                                                  Style="{StaticResource WindowClosedButton}" 
                                                  Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},
                                                      Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                          </Button>
                                      </StackPanel>
                                  </DockPanel>
                              </Border>
                          </Grid>
                          <Border Grid.Row="1" 
                              BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                              Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                              DockPanel.Dock="Top" Height="Auto">
                              <AdornerDecorator>
                                  <ContentPresenter />
                              </AdornerDecorator>
                          </Border>
                      </Grid>
                  </Border>
                  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                      <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Maximized">
                          <Setter Property="Data" Value="{DynamicResource WindowsRestoreGeometry}" TargetName="MaxPath"/>
                      </Trigger>
                      <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Normal">
                          <Setter Property="Data" Value="{DynamicResource WindowsMaxGeometry}" TargetName="MaxPath"/>
                      </Trigger>
                          <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Minimized">
                      </Trigger>
                  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
              </ControlTemplate>
          </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
  </Style>
  

• 2.Cs文件

  using MaxwellControl.Tools;
  using MaxwellControl.Tools.Interop;
  using System;
  using System.Collections.Generic;
  using System.ComponentModel;
  using System.Diagnostics;
  using System.Linq;
  using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
  using System.Text;
  using System.Threading.Tasks;
  using System.Windows;
  using System.Windows.Controls;
  using System.Windows.Data;
  using System.Windows.Input;
  using System.Windows.Shell;
  
  namespace MaxwellControl.Controls
  {
      public class CommonWindow : Window
      {
          private Grid root;
          private Button minBtn;
          private Button maxBtn;
          private Button closeBtn;
          private Border header;
          private bool taskBarHide;
          private readonly Thickness _commonPadding;
          Thickness const_maxpadding = new Thickness(8, 8, 8, 8);
          Thickness const_normalpadding = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 0);
  
          public CommonWindow()
          {
              Padding = const_normalpadding;
              _commonPadding = Padding;
              taskBarHide = false;
              //绑定Window的关于title的相应处理
              var chrome = WindowChrome.GetWindowChrome(this);
              BindingOperations.SetBinding(chrome, WindowChrome.CaptionHeightProperty,
                  new Binding(nameof(HeaderHeight)) { Source = this });
          }
  
          static CommonWindow()
          {
              StyleProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(CommonWindow), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(ResourceHelper.GetResource<Style>("CommonWindowStyle")));
          }
  
          public override void OnApplyTemplate()
          {
              base.OnApplyTemplate();
  			//获取控件上的子部分
              minBtn = base.GetTemplateChild("btnMin") as Button;
              maxBtn = base.GetTemplateChild("btnMax") as Button;
              closeBtn = base.GetTemplateChild("btnClose") as Button;
              root = (Grid)Template.FindName("root", this);
              header = base.GetTemplateChild("header") as Border;
  
              minBtn.Click += (o, e) => WindowState = WindowState.Minimized;
              maxBtn.Click += MaxBtn_Click;
              closeBtn.Click += (o, e) => Close();
          }
  
  
  
          private void MaxBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
          {
              if (WindowState == WindowState.Normal)
              {
                  WindowState = WindowState.Maximized;
              }
              else
              {
                  WindowState = WindowState.Normal;
              }
          }
  
  
          #region properties
  
          //是否全屏
          public bool IsFullScreen
          {
              get { return (bool)GetValue(IsFullScreenProperty); }
              set { SetValue(IsFullScreenProperty, value); }
          }
  
          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for FullScreen.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
          public static readonly DependencyProperty IsFullScreenProperty =
              DependencyProperty.Register("FullScreen", typeof(bool), typeof(CommonWindow), new PropertyMetadata(false));
  
  		//title的高度
          public int HeaderHeight
          {
              get { return (int)GetValue(HeaderHeightProperty); }
              set { SetValue(HeaderHeightProperty, value); }
          }
  
          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for HeaderHeight.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
          public static readonly DependencyProperty HeaderHeightProperty =
              DependencyProperty.Register("HeaderHeight", typeof(int), typeof(CommonWindow), new PropertyMetadata(0));
  
  
  
          #endregion
  		
  		//状态改变执行的操作
          protected override void OnStateChanged(EventArgs e)
          {
              base.OnStateChanged(e);
              if (WindowState == WindowState.Maximized)
              {
                  if (taskBarHide == false)
                  { 
                      Padding = const_maxpadding;
                  }
                  if (IsFullScreen)
                  {
                      HeaderHeight = 0;
                      header.Visibility = Visibility.Hidden;
                  }
                  else
                  {
                      HeaderHeight = 35;
                      header.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                  }
              }
              else if (WindowState == WindowState.Normal)
              {
                  Padding = const_normalpadding;
              }
          }
          
  		//根据不同情况为Padding赋值
          protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
          {
              this.GetHwndSource()?.AddHook(HwndSourceHook);
              base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
          }
          private IntPtr HwndSourceHook(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam, ref bool handled)
          {
              switch (msg)
              {
                  case InteropValues.WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED:
                      Padding = WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? WindowHelper.WindowMaximizedPadding : _commonPadding;
                      break;
                  case InteropValues.WM_GETMINMAXINFO:
                      WmGetMinMaxInfo(hwnd, lparam);
                      Padding = WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? WindowHelper.WindowMaximizedPadding : _commonPadding;
                      break;
              }
  
              return IntPtr.Zero;
          }
          //判断任务栏是否隐藏，根据不同情况进行处理
          private void WmGetMinMaxInfo(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr lParam)
          {
              var mmi = (InteropValues.MINMAXINFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(InteropValues.MINMAXINFO));
              var monitor = InteropMethods.MonitorFromWindow(hwnd, InteropValues.MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST);
  
              if (monitor != IntPtr.Zero && mmi != null)
              {
                  InteropValues.APPBARDATA appBarData = default;
                  var autoHide = InteropMethods.SHAppBarMessage(4, ref appBarData) != 0;
                  taskBarHide = autoHide;
                  if (autoHide)
                  {
                      var monitorInfo = default(InteropValues.MONITORINFO);
                      monitorInfo.cbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(InteropValues.MONITORINFO));
                      InteropMethods.GetMonitorInfo(monitor, ref monitorInfo);
                      var rcWorkArea = monitorInfo.rcWork;
                      var rcMonitorArea = monitorInfo.rcMonitor;
                      mmi.ptMaxPosition.X = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Left - rcMonitorArea.Left);
                      mmi.ptMaxPosition.Y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Top - rcMonitorArea.Top);
                      mmi.ptMaxSize.X = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Right - rcWorkArea.Left);
                      mmi.ptMaxSize.Y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Bottom - rcWorkArea.Top - 1);
                  }
              }
  
              Marshal.StructureToPtr(mmi, lParam, true);
          }
      }
  }
  
  
  

---

参考

WPF编程宝典
博客园的一篇
比较简单基础的一篇

---

遇到的一些难缠问题

1. 进行如下方式使用自定义控件，创建不了窗口资源，在OnApplyTemplate中使用GetTemplateChild无法获取子控件，返回null，但是在cs中使用CommonWindow window=new CommonWindow()；可以创建窗口并正常显示。

    <my:CommonWindow x:Class="Maxwell_VS2017Demo.MainWindow"
           xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
      <Grid>
       </Grid>
   </my:CommonWindow>
   

   最后发现是按钮中的path资源没有获取到，本来用的是StaticResource获取资源改为DynamicResource后正常，所以要注意StaticReSource与DynamicResource的区别