原理：springboot_cache整合redis

1.springboot引入redis作为缓存后

RedisCacheConfiguration 被匹配：
而SimpleCacheConfiguration由于不满足条件而未被匹配；

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
//因为当springboot引入redis后配置里会有CacheManager，所以SimpleCacheConfiguration不满足匹配配置条件
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CacheManager.class)
@Conditional(CacheCondition.class)
class SimpleCacheConfiguration {
    。。。
}

【1】引入redis的starter，容器中保存的是 RedisCacheManager；
RedisCacheConfiguration源码：

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnClass(RedisConnectionFactory.class)
@AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class)
@ConditionalOnBean(RedisConnectionFactory.class)
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CacheManager.class)
@Conditional(CacheCondition.class)
class RedisCacheConfiguration {

//redis帮我们在容器中放入一个RedisCacheManager
	@Bean
	RedisCacheManager cacheManager(CacheProperties cacheProperties, CacheManagerCustomizers cacheManagerCustomizers,
			ObjectProvider<org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration> redisCacheConfiguration,
			ObjectProvider<RedisCacheManagerBuilderCustomizer> redisCacheManagerBuilderCustomizers,
			RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory, ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
		RedisCacheManagerBuilder builder = RedisCacheManager.builder(redisConnectionFactory).cacheDefaults(
				determineConfiguration(cacheProperties, redisCacheConfiguration, resourceLoader.getClassLoader()));
		List<String> cacheNames = cacheProperties.getCacheNames();
		if (!cacheNames.isEmpty()) {
			builder.initialCacheNames(new LinkedHashSet<>(cacheNames));
		}
		redisCacheManagerBuilderCustomizers.orderedStream().forEach((customizer) -> customizer.customize(builder));
		return cacheManagerCustomizers.customize(builder.build());
	}

【2】RedisCacheManager 帮我们创建 RedisCache 来作为缓存组件；RedisCache通过操作redis缓存数据的
RedisCacheManager 源码：

public class RedisCacheManager extends AbstractTransactionSupportingCacheManager {

	private final RedisCacheWriter cacheWriter;
	private final RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfig;
	private final Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> initialCacheConfiguration;
	private final boolean allowInFlightCacheCreation;
//加载缓存
	@Override
	protected Collection<RedisCache> loadCaches() {

		List<RedisCache> caches = new LinkedList<>();

		for (Map.Entry<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> entry : initialCacheConfiguration.entrySet()) {
		//利用createRedisCache方法创建出RedisCache类型的缓存并将其放入list中
			caches.add(createRedisCache(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
		}

		return caches;
	}
	//创建RedisCache
	protected RedisCache createRedisCache(String name, @Nullable 		RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfig) {
		return new RedisCache(name, cacheWriter, cacheConfig != null ? cacheConfig : defaultCacheConfig);
	}

}

【3】默认保存数据 k-v 都是Object；利用序列化保存；

那么，如何保存为json格式呢？？？
如何保存为json

•  		1、引入了redis的starter，cacheManager变为 RedisCacheManager；
  

•  		2、默认创建的 RedisCacheManager 操作redis的时候使用的是 RedisTemplate<Object, Object>
  

•  		3、RedisTemplate<Object, Object> 是 默认使用jdk的序列化机制
  

所以，自定义cacheManager实现json格式化：

    @Bean
    public RedisCacheManager deptCacheManager(RedisTemplate<Object, Department> deptRedisTemplate){
        RedisCacheManager cacheManager = new RedisCacheManager(deptRedisTemplate);
        //key多了一个前缀

        //使用前缀，默认会将CacheName作为key的前缀
        cacheManager.setUsePrefix(true);

        return cacheManager;
    }

//明确指定用deptCacheManager的cacheManager
    @Qualifier("deptCacheManager")
    @Autowired
    RedisCacheManager deptCacheManager;
    /**
     *  缓存的数据能存入redis；
     *  第二次从缓存中查询就不能反序列化回来；
     *  存的是dept的json数据;CacheManager默认使用RedisTemplate<Object, Employee>操作Redis
     *
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
//    @Cacheable(cacheNames = "dept",cacheManager = "deptCacheManager")
//    public Department getDeptById(Integer id){
//        System.out.println("查询部门"+id);
//        Department department = departmentMapper.getDeptById(id);
//        return department;
//    }

    // 使用缓存管理器得到缓存，进行api调用
    public Department getDeptById(Integer id){
        System.out.println("查询部门"+id);
        Department department = departmentMapper.getDeptById(id);

        //获取某个缓存
        Cache dept = deptCacheManager.getCache("dept");
        dept.put("dept:1",department);

        return department;
    }