目录
Computer Components - Top Level View 计算机组成顶层视图
Example of Program Execution 程序执行示例
Bus Interconnection Scheme 总线互连方案
Physical Realization of Bus Architecture 总线结构的物理实现
PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnection) Bus 外设组件互连标准
Computer Components - Top Level View 计算机组成顶层视图
Instruction Cycle 指令周期
Two steps: 1)Fetch 2)Execute
Halt:停止,暂停
1)Fetch Cycle
程序计数器(Program Counter, PC)存储要取出的指令的地址;
处理器(Processor)从内存(memory)中取出PC所指向的指令;
指令加载进指令寄存器(Instruction Register, IR);
处理器翻译指令并执行相应操作
2)Execute Cycle
Processor-memory(处理机-存储器):Data transfer between CPU and main memory
Processor I/O(处理器输入输出):Data transfer between CPU and I/O module
Data processing:Some arithmetic or logical operation on data
Control:Alteration of sequence of operations
Combination of above
Instruction Cycle State Diagram 指令循环状态图
Operand:操作数
Example of Program Execution 程序执行示例
图中Memory中:
Step1:300~302为指令存储的地址 --> 指令加载进IR(指令寄存器);指令300 -> 取出操作数0003
Step2:940~941为操作数地址 --> 操作数加载进AC
Step3:加载指令301进IR;指令301 -> 取出操作数相加
Step4:取出操作数0002,与0003相加后,结果存储在AC中
Step5:加载指令302进IR;指令302 -> 将AC中的结果存入941(原操作数0002的地址)</