读取sdcard中音乐文件并使用RecyclerView进行展示

作为一名初入职场的菜鸟，刚开始学习android相关的知识，相信写出来的博客能够解决新手之所难，希望能给刚刚接触安卓的小伙伴们以帮助，该教程面对的人群，最好是对recyclerView有一些基本的了解，这方面知识网络上有很多资料。

秀一秀

对于界面的美观方面，我是已经非常满意了（理工男审美，哈哈），有美术功底的小伙伴可以设计一下

重点：权限需要声明，并获得运行时权限

Demo的实现---由下而上

RecyclerView的item布局的实现

由于该部分还没有数据，可以通过添加背景色和文本进行预览效果，看看符不符合自己的审美level

我的设计效果：

实现代码（讲解通过注释的方式呈现）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!--使用线性布局
    由于你这儿是音乐列表中的一行，因此android:layout_height肯定不可以设置为填充父控件
    android:layout_height="66dp"，个人感觉66很吉利，而且显示效果也还不错-->
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="66dp">

    <!--android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"   使ImageView在LinearLayout中垂直方向居中显示
        android:layout_marginHorizontal="5dp"，和左右两侧的控件都相距5dp
        android:scaleType="fitXY"   使图片填充整个ImageView，偏大的图片会压缩，偏小的图片会拉伸-->
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/itemImag"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:background="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
        android:layout_marginHorizontal="5dp"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"/>

    <!--ImageView右侧添加再添加一个LinerLayout布局，布局方向为垂直
        android:gravity="center_vertical"  让LinearLayout中的控件垂直居中显示-->
    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center_vertical">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/music"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="光辉岁月"
            android:textColor="#050505" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/singer"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
            android:text="Beyond"
            android:textColor="#808080"
            android:textSize="10dp"/>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

一些小的准备

song实体的实现：

package com.example.demo.model;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

public class Song {
    private String sing;
    private String singer;
    private Bitmap image;

    public Song(String sing, String singer, Bitmap image) {
        this.sing = sing;
        this.singer = singer;
        this.image = image;
    }

    public String getSing() {
        return sing;
    }

    public String getSinger() {
        return singer;
    }

    public Bitmap getImage() {
        return image;
    }
}

ativity_main.xml的实现

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/listview_item"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        >

    </android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>
</LinearLayout>

如何向模拟器sd卡导入音乐文件

首先，启动起来模拟器

就会出现下面的界面

RecyclerView适配器的实现

package com.example.demo.adapter;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.demo.R;
import com.example.demo.model.Song;

import java.util.List;

public class SongAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<SongAdapter.ViewHolder>{
    private List<Song> songList;

    class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{

        ImageView itemImag;

        TextView music;

        TextView singer;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            this.itemImag = view.findViewById(R.id.itemImag);
            this.music = view.findViewById(R.id.music);
            this.singer = view.findViewById(R.id.singer);
        }
    }

    public SongAdapter(List<Song> songList) {
        this.songList = songList;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Song song = songList.get(position);
        holder.itemImag.setImageBitmap(song.getImage());
        holder.music.setText(song.getSing());
        holder.singer.setText(song.getSinger());
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext())
                .inflate(R.layout.list_item,viewGroup,false);
        ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return songList.size();
    }
}

MainActivity.java的相关实现

package com.example.demo;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.DividerItemDecoration;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.example.demo.adapter.SongAdapter;
import com.example.demo.model.Song;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    //用于存放音乐信息
    private List<Song> songList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //初始化音乐信息
        initSongs();

        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.listview_item);
        recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL));
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        SongAdapter adapter = new SongAdapter(songList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
    private void initSongs() {

        //运行时权限的获取
        if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.
                this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,new
                    String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},1);
        }

        //读取本地音乐
        Cursor mAudioCursor = this.getContentResolver().query(
                MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                null,
                null,
                null,
                MediaStore.Audio.AudioColumns.TITLE
        );
        for (int i = 0; i < mAudioCursor.getCount(); i++) {
            mAudioCursor.moveToNext();
            //歌名
            int indexTitle = mAudioCursor
                    .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.TITLE);
            //歌唱者
            int indexARTIST = mAudioCursor
                    .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ARTIST);
            //音乐图片的id
            int indexALBUM = mAudioCursor
                    .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ALBUM_ID);
            String strTitle = mAudioCursor.getString(indexTitle);
            String strARTIST = mAudioCursor.getString(indexARTIST);
            String strALBUM = mAudioCursor.getString(indexALBUM);
            int pic = Integer.valueOf(strALBUM);

            //根据音乐图片的id获得图片
            Bitmap bitmap = getAlbumArt(pic);

            Song song = new Song(strTitle,strARTIST,bitmap);
            songList.add(song);
        }
        mAudioCursor.close();

    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
                    Log.d("liukun", "onRequestPermissionsResult: 成功授权");
                else {
                    Toast.makeText(this,"You denied the permission",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
                default:
        }
    }

    //获取图片
    private Bitmap getAlbumArt(int album_id) {
        //前面我们只是获取了专辑图片id，在这里实现通过id获取掉专辑图片，albums存储的是专辑的信息
        String mUriAlbums = "content://media/external/audio/albums";

        //album_art字段存储的是音乐图片的路径
        String[] projection = new String[]{"album_art"};
        Cursor cur = getContentResolver().query(Uri.parse(mUriAlbums + "/" + Integer.toString(album_id)), projection, null, null, null);

        String album_art = null;
        if (cur.getCount() > 0 && cur.getColumnCount() > 0) {
            cur.moveToNext();
            album_art = cur.getString(0);
            Log.d("liukun", "getAlbumArt: "+album_art);
        }
        cur.close();
        Bitmap bm = null;
        if (album_art != null) {
            bm = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(album_art);
        } else {
            bm = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.a);
        }
        return bm;
    }
}