wsgiref源码解析

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 09:32:55 发布

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分类专栏： python flask 文章标签：服务器 python http

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42239520/article/details/88897168

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wsgiref是PEP 333定义的wsgi规范的范例实现，里面的功能包括了：

wsgi的环境变量
应答头部的处理
实现简单的HTTP服务器
简单的对程序端和服务器端校验函数

我们先看一个简单的代码实例，然后跟着例子去理解源码：
app.py

#encoding:utf-8
# __author__ = 'donghao'
# __time__ = 2019/3/29 14:17

def hello_world_app(environ, start_response):
    from io import StringIO
    stdout = StringIO()
    start_response("200 OK", [('Content-Type','text/html; charset=utf-8')])
    return ['<h1>hello world</h1>'.encode('utf-8')]

server.py

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
httpd = make_server('', 8000, hello_world_app)
print("Serving on port 8000...")
httpd.serve_forever()

#浏览器
"""
Content-Length: 20
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2019 08:08:47 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.4
"""
#server终端
"""
Serving on port 8000...
127.0.0.1 - - [29/Mar/2019 16:19:12] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 20
"""

源码分析：

在这里插入图片描述
simple_server.py
我们先看一下make_server是怎么启动一个wsgi服务器的：

def make_server(host, port, app, server_class=WSGIServer, handler_class=WSGIRequestHandler):
    server = server_class((host, port), handler_class)
    server.set_app(app)
    return server

这个函数做的事情就是：监听在本地的端口上，接受来自客户端的请求，通过WSGIServer和WSGIRequestHandler处理后，把请求交给程序的的可调用对象app，然后返回app的结果给客户端。

这里有两个重要的类：WSGIServer和WSGIRequestHandler。下面分别看一下它们的代码和执行的功能。

WSGIServer

#WSGIServer
class WSGIServer(HTTPServer):

    """BaseHTTPServer that implements the Python WSGI protocol"""

    application = None

    def server_bind(self):
        """Override server_bind to store the server name."""
        HTTPServer.server_bind(self)
        self.setup_environ()

    def setup_environ(self):
        # Set up base environment
        env = self.base_environ = {}
        env['SERVER_NAME'] = self.server_name
        env['GATEWAY_INTERFACE'] = 'CGI/1.1'
        env['SERVER_PORT'] = str(self.server_port)
        env['REMOTE_HOST']=''
        env['CONTENT_LENGTH']=''
        env['SCRIPT_NAME'] = ''

    def get_app(self):
        return self.application

    def set_app(self,application):
        self.application = application

WSGIServer在原来的HTTPServer上面封装了一层，在原来的HTTPServer的基础上又额外做了下面的事情：

覆写原来的server_bind函数，添加初始化environ变量的动作
添加了处理满足wsgi的app函数：set_app和get_app

WSGIRequestHandler

# WSGIRequestHandler
class WSGIRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):

    server_version = "WSGIServer/" + __version__

    def get_environ(self):
        env = self.server.base_environ.copy()
        env['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] = self.request_version
        env['REQUEST_METHOD'] = self.command
        if '?' in self.path:
            path,query = self.path.split('?',1)
        else:
            path,query = self.path,''

        env['PATH_INFO'] = urllib.unquote(path)
        env['QUERY_STRING'] = query

        host = self.address_string()
        if host != self.client_address[0]:
            env['REMOTE_HOST'] = host
        env['REMOTE_ADDR'] = self.client_address[0]

        if self.headers.typeheader is None:
            env['CONTENT_TYPE'] = self.headers.type
        else:
            env['CONTENT_TYPE'] = self.headers.typeheader

        length = self.headers.getheader('content-length')
        if length:
            env['CONTENT_LENGTH'] = length

        for h in self.headers.headers:
            k,v = h.split(':',1)
            k=k.replace('-','_').upper(); v=v.strip()
            if k in env:
                continue                    # skip content length, type,etc.
            if 'HTTP_'+k in env:
                env['HTTP_'+k] += ','+v     # comma-separate multiple headers
            else:
                env['HTTP_'+k] = v
        return env

    def get_stderr(self):
        return sys.stderr

    def handle(self):
        """Handle a single HTTP request"""

        self.raw_requestline = self.rfile.readline()
        if not self.parse_request(): # An error code has been sent, just exit
            return

        handler = ServerHandler(
            self.rfile, self.wfile, self.get_stderr(), self.get_environ()
        )
        handler.request_handler = self      # backpointer for logging
        handler.run(self.server.get_app())