用户登录案例

## 案例：用户登录
	* 用户登录案例需求：
		1.编写login.html登录页面
			username & password 两个输入框
		2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql，day14数据库中user表
		3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
		4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示：登录成功！用户名,欢迎您
		5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示：登录失败，用户名或密码错误


	* 分析
	
	* 开发步骤
		1. 创建项目，导入html页面，配置文件，jar包
		2. 创建数据库环境
			CREATE DATABASE day14;
			USE day14;
			CREATE TABLE USER(
			
				id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
				username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
				PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
			);
	
		3. 创建包cn.itcast.domain,创建类User
			package cn.itcast.domain;
			/**
			 * 用户的实体类
			 */
			public class User {
			
			    private int id;
			    private String username;
			    private String password;


​			
			    public int getId() {
			        return id;
			    }
			
			    public void setId(int id) {
			        this.id = id;
			    }
			
			    public String getUsername() {
			        return username;
			    }
			
			    public void setUsername(String username) {
			        this.username = username;
			    }
			
			    public String getPassword() {
			        return password;
			    }
			
			    public void setPassword(String password) {
			        this.password = password;
			    }
			
			    @Override
			    public String toString() {
			        return "User{" +
			                "id=" + id +
			                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
			                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
			                '}';
			    }
			}
		4. 创建包cn.itcast.util,编写工具类JDBCUtils
			package cn.itcast.util;
	
			import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
			
			import javax.sql.DataSource;
			import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
			import java.io.IOException;
			import java.io.InputStream;
			import java.sql.Connection;
			import java.sql.SQLException;
			import java.util.Properties;
			
			/**
			 * JDBC工具类 使用Durid连接池
			 */
			public class JDBCUtils {
			
			    private static DataSource ds ;
			
			    static {
			
			        try {
			            //1.加载配置文件
			            Properties pro = new Properties();
			            //使用ClassLoader加载配置文件，获取字节输入流
			            InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
			            pro.load(is);
			
			            //2.初始化连接池对象
			            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
			
			        } catch (IOException e) {
			            e.printStackTrace();
			        } catch (Exception e) {
			            e.printStackTrace();
			        }
			    }
			
			    /**
			     * 获取连接池对象
			     */
			    public static DataSource getDataSource(){
			        return ds;
			    }


​			
			    /**
			     * 获取连接Connection对象
			     */
			    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
			        return  ds.getConnection();
			    }
			}
		5. 创建包cn.itcast.dao,创建类UserDao,提供login方法
			
			package cn.itcast.dao;
	
			import cn.itcast.domain.User;
			import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
			import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
			import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
			import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
			
			/**
			 * 操作数据库中User表的类
			 */
			public class UserDao {
			
			    //声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
			    private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
			
			    /**
			     * 登录方法
			     * @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
			     * @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到，返回null
			     */
			    public User login(User loginUser){
			        try {
			            //1.编写sql
			            String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
			            //2.调用query方法
			            User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
			                    new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
			                    loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());


​			
			            return user;
			        } catch (DataAccessException e) {
			            e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
			            return null;
			        }
			    }
			}
		
		6. 编写cn.itcast.web.servlet.LoginServlet类
			package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
	
			import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
			import cn.itcast.domain.User;
			
			import javax.servlet.ServletException;
			import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
			import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
			import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
			import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
			import java.io.IOException;


​			
			@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
			public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {


​			
			    @Override
			    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        //1.设置编码
			        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
			        //2.获取请求参数
			        String username = req.getParameter("username");
			        String password = req.getParameter("password");
			        //3.封装user对象
			        User loginUser = new User();
			        loginUser.setUsername(username);
			        loginUser.setPassword(password);
			
			        //4.调用UserDao的login方法
			        UserDao dao = new UserDao();
			        User user = dao.login(loginUser);
			
			        //5.判断user
			        if(user == null){
			            //登录失败
			            req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
			        }else{
			            //登录成功
			            //存储数据
			            req.setAttribute("user",user);
			            //转发
			            req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
			        }
			
			    }
			
			    @Override
			    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        this.doGet(req,resp);
			    }
			}
	
		7. 编写FailServlet和SuccessServlet类
			@WebServlet("/successServlet")
			public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
			    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        //获取request域中共享的user对象
			        User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
			
			        if(user != null){
			            //给页面写一句话
			
			            //设置编码
			            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			            //输出
			            response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
			        }


​			
			    }		


			@WebServlet("/failServlet")
			public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
			    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        //给页面写一句话
			
			        //设置编码
			        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			        //输出
			        response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");
			
			    }
			
			    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        this.doPost(request,response);
			    }
			}



		8. login.html中form表单的action路径的写法
			* 虚拟目录+Servlet的资源路径
	
		9. BeanUtils工具类，简化数据封装
			* 用于封装JavaBean的
			1. JavaBean：标准的Java类
				1. 要求：
					1. 类必须被public修饰
					2. 必须提供空参的构造器
					3. 成员变量必须使用private修饰
					4. 提供公共setter和getter方法
				2. 功能：封装数据


			2. 概念：
				成员变量：
				属性：setter和getter方法截取后的产物
					例如：getUsername() --> Username--> username


			3. 方法：
				1. setProperty()
				2. getProperty()
				3. populate(Object obj , Map map):将map集合的键值对信息，封装到对应的JavaBean对象中