牛客网SQL练习

为了提升自己的SQL能力，决定认真刷题，先从牛客网开始。于是做一下刷题记录。

1.查找最晚入职员工的所有信息

CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select * from employees where hire_date=(select max(hire_date) from employees);

2.查找入职员工时间排名倒数第三的员工所有信息
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select * from employees order by hire_date desc limit 2,1;
或
select * from employees where hire_date=
(select distinct hire_date from employees order by hire_date desc limit 2,1) ;

3.查找各个部门当前(to_date='9999-01-01')领导当前薪水详情以及其对应部门编号dept_no
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.*,t2.dept_no from salaries t1,dept_manager t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no  and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' 
and t2.to_date='9999-01-01';

4.查找所有已经分配部门的员工的last_name和first_name
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select t1.last_name,t1.first_name,t2.dept_no from employees t1 left join dept_emp t2 
on t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no where t2.dept_no is not null;

5.查找所有员工的last_name和first_name以及对应部门编号dept_no，也包括展示没有分配具体部门的员工
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select t1.last_name,t1.first_name,t2.dept_no from employees t1 left join dept_emp t2
on t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no;

6.查找所有员工入职时候的薪水情况，给出emp_no以及salary， 并按照emp_no进行逆序
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t2.emp_no,t2.salary from employees t1,salaries t2 where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no 
and t1.hire_date=t2.from_date order by t2.emp_no desc;

7.查找薪水涨幅超过15次的员工号emp_no以及其对应的涨幅次数t
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select emp_no,count(emp_no) t from salaries group by emp_no having t>15;

8.找出所有员工当前(to_date='9999-01-01')具体的薪水salary情况，对于相同的薪水只显示一次,并按照逆序显示
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select distinct salary from salaries where to_date='9999-01-01' order by salary desc;

9.获取所有部门当前manager的当前薪水情况，给出dept_no, emp_no以及salary，当前表示to_date='9999-01-01'
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.dept_no,t1.emp_no,t2.salary from dept_manager t1 left join salaries t2 on
t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no where t1.to_date='9999-01-01' and t2.to_date='9999-01-01';

10.获取所有非manager的员工emp_no
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select emp_no from employees where emp_no not in 
(select emp_no from dept_manager);

11.获取所有员工当前的manager，如果当前的manager是自己的话结果不显示，当前表示to_date='9999-01-01'。
结果第一列给出当前员工的emp_no,第二列给出其manager对应的manager_no。
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));

select t1.emp_no,t2.emp_no manager_no from dept_emp t1,dept_manager t2 
where t1.dept_no=t2.dept_no and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' 
and t2.to_date='9999-01-01' and t1.emp_no != t2.emp_no;

12.获取所有部门中当前员工薪水最高的相关信息，给出dept_no, emp_no以及其对应的salary
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.dept_no,t1.emp_no,max(t2.salary) from dept_emp t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t1.to_date='9999-01-01'
and t2.to_date='9999-01-01' group by t1.dept_no;

13.从titles表获取按照title进行分组，每组个数大于等于2，给出title以及对应的数目t。
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "titles" (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);

select title,count(*) t from titles group by title having t>1;

14.从titles表获取按照title进行分组，每组个数大于等于2，给出title以及对应的数目t。
注意对于重复的emp_no进行忽略。
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `titles` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);

select title,count(distinct emp_no) t from titles group by title having t>1;

15.查找employees表所有emp_no为奇数，且last_name不为Mary的员工信息，并按照hire_date逆序排列
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select emp_no,birth_date,first_name,last_name,gender,hire_date from employees 
where emp_no % 2=1 and last_name != 'Mary' order by hire_date desc;

16.统计出当前各个title类型对应的员工当前（to_date='9999-01-01'）薪水对应的平均工资。结果给出title以及平均工资avg。
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "titles" (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);

select title,avg(salary) avg from salaries t1,titles t2 where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no 
and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' and t2.to_date='9999-01-01' group by t2.title;

17.获取当前（to_date='9999-01-01'）薪水第二多的员工的emp_no以及其对应的薪水salary
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select emp_no,salary from salaries where to_date='9999-01-01' order by salary desc limit 1,1;

18.查找当前薪水(to_date='9999-01-01')排名第二多的员工编号emp_no、薪水salary、last_name以及first_name，不准使用order by
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.emp_no,t2.salary,t1.last_name,t1.first_name from employees t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t2.salary =
(select max(salary) from salaries where salary <
(select max(salary) from salaries where to_date='9999-01-01') and to_date='9999-01-01');
---优化后
select t1.emp_no,max(t2.salary),t1.last_name,t1.first_name from employees t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t2.salary not in 
(select max(salary) from salaries where to_date='9999-01-01');

19.查找所有员工的last_name和first_name以及对应的dept_name，也包括暂时没有分配部门的员工
CREATE TABLE `departments` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`dept_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select t1.last_name,t1.first_name,t3.dept_name from employees t1 left join dept_emp t2
on t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no left join departments t3 on t2.dept_no=t3.dept_no;

20.查找员工编号emp_no为10001其自入职以来的薪水salary涨幅值growth
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select max(salary)-min(salary) growth from salaries where emp_no=10001;
或
select (
(select salary from salaries where emp_no=10001 order by to_date desc limit 1)-
(select salary from salaries where emp_no=10001 order by to_date limit 1)) growth;

21.查找所有员工自入职以来的薪水涨幅情况，给出员工编号emp_no以及其对应的薪水涨幅growth，并按照growth进行升序
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

---隐藏条件是当前时间是9999-01-01
select a.emp_no,(a.salary-b.salary) growth from 
(select t2.emp_no,t2.salary from employees t1,salaries t2
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t2.to_date='9999-01-01') a,
(select t2.emp_no,t2.salary from employees t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t1.hire_date=t2.from_date) b 
where a.emp_no=b.emp_no order by growth;

22.统计各个部门对应员工涨幅的次数总和，给出部门编码dept_no、部门名称dept_name以及次数sum
CREATE TABLE `departments` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`dept_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t3.dept_no,t3.dept_name,count(t1.emp_no) from salaries t1,dept_emp t2,departments t3 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t2.dept_no=t3.dept_no group by t3.dept_no,t3.dept_name;

23.对所有员工的当前(to_date='9999-01-01')薪水按照salary进行按照1-N的排名，相同salary并列且按照emp_no升序排列
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.emp_no,t1.salary,count(distinct t2.salary) rank from salaries t1,salaries t2
where t1.salary <= t2.salary and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' and t2.to_date='9999-01-01'
group by t1.emp_no order by rank,t1.emp_no;

24.获取所有非manager员工当前的薪水情况，给出dept_no、emp_no以及salary ，当前表示to_date='9999-01-01'
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.dept_no,t1.emp_no,t2.salary from dept_emp t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t1.emp_no not in 
(select emp_no from dept_manager where to_date='9999-01-01') and t1.to_date='9999-01-01'
and t2.to_date='9999-01-01';

25.获取员工其当前的薪水比其manager当前薪水还高的相关信息，当前表示to_date='9999-01-01',
结果第一列给出员工的emp_no，
第二列给出其manager的manager_no，
第三列给出该员工当前的薪水emp_salary,
第四列给该员工对应的manager当前的薪水manager_salary
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select a.emp_no,b.emp_no manager_no,a.salary emp_salary,b.salary manager_salary from 
(select t1.emp_no,t1.dept_no,t2.salary from dept_emp t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' and t2.to_date='9999-01-01') a,
(select t1.emp_no,t1.dept_no,t2.salary from dept_manager t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' and t2.to_date='9999-01-01') b
where a.dept_no=b.dept_no and a.salary > b.salary;

26.汇总各个部门当前员工的title类型的分配数目，结果给出部门编号dept_no、dept_name、其当前员工所有的title以及该类型title对应的数目count
CREATE TABLE `departments` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`dept_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `titles` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);

select t2.dept_no,t2.dept_name,t3.title,count(t3.emp_no) 
from dept_emp t1,departments t2,titles t3 
where t1.dept_no=t2.dept_no and t1.emp_no=t3.emp_no
and t1.to_date='9999-01-01' and t3.to_date='9999-01-01'
group by t2.dept_no,t2.dept_name,t3.title;

27.给出每个员工每年薪水涨幅超过5000的员工编号emp_no、薪水变更开始日期from_date以及薪水涨幅值salary_growth，并按照salary_growth逆序排列。

提示：在sqlite中获取datetime时间对应的年份函数为strftime('%Y', to_date)
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.emp_no,t2.from_date,(t2.salary-t1.salary) salary_growth 
from salaries t1,salaries t2 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and (t2.salary-t1.salary)>5000 
and strftime('%Y',t2.to_date)-strftime('%Y',t1.to_date)=1
order by salary_growth desc;

28.

film表

字段	说明
film_id	电影id
title	电影名称
description	电影描述信息

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS film (

film_id smallint(5)  NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

title varchar(255) NOT NULL,

description text,

PRIMARY KEY (film_id));

category表

字段	说明
category_id	电影分类id
name	电影分类名称
last_update	电影分类最后更新时间

CREATE TABLE category  (

category_id  tinyint(3)  NOT NULL ,

name  varchar(25) NOT NULL, `last_update` timestamp,

PRIMARY KEY ( category_id ));

film_category表

字段	说明
film_id	电影id
category_id	电影分类id
last_update	电影id和分类id对应关系的最后更新时间

CREATE TABLE film_category  (

film_id  smallint(5)  NOT NULL,

category_id  tinyint(3)  NOT NULL, `last_update` timestamp);

查找描述信息中包括robot的电影对应的分类名称以及电影数目，而且还需要该分类对应电影数量>=5部

---group by 放里面执行才通过
select t2.name,count(t1.film_id) amount from film t1,category t2,film_category t3,
(select category_id from film_category group by category_id having count(category_id)>=5) t4
where t1.film_id=t3.film_id and t2.category_id=t3.category_id and t3.category_id=t4.category_id
and t1.description like '%robot%';

29.在film表、film_category表和category表中，使用join查询方式找出没有分类的电影id以及名称

select t1.film_id,t1.title from film t1 left join film_category t2 on t1.film_id=t2.film_id 
where t2.category_id is null;

30.在film表、film_category表和category表中，使用子查询的方式找出属于Action分类的所有电影对应的title,description

select t1.title,t1.description from film t1,film_category t2,category t3 
where t1.film_id=t2.film_id and t2.category_id=t3.category_id
and t3.name='Action';

31.获取select * from employees对应的执行计划

explain select * from employees;

32.将employees表的所有员工的last_name和first_name拼接起来作为Name，中间以一个空格区分
CREATE TABLE `employees` ( `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select last_name||' '||first_name name from employees;

33.创建一个actor表，包含如下列信息

列表	类型	是否为NULL	含义
actor_id	smallint(5)	not null	主键id
first_name	varchar(45)	not null	名字
last_name	varchar(45)	not null	姓氏
last_update	timestamp	not null	最后更新时间，默认是系统的当前时间

create table actor (
    actor_id smallint(5) not null primary key,
    first_name varchar(45) not null,
    last_name varchar(45) not null,
    last_update timestamp not null default (datetime('now','localtime'))
);

34.对于表actor批量插入如下数据
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actor (
actor_id smallint(5) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
first_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_update timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now','localtime')))

actor_id	first_name	last_name	last_update
1	PENELOPE	GUINESS	2006-02-15 12:34:33
2	NICK	WAHLBERG	2006-02-15 12:34:33

insert into actor values (1,'PENELOPE','GUINESS','2006-02-15 12:34:33'),
(2,'NICK','WAHLBERG','2006-02-15 12:34:33');

35.对于表actor批量插入如下数据,如果数据已经存在，请忽略，不使用replace操作
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actor (
actor_id smallint(5) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
first_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_update timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now','localtime')))

actor_id	first_name	last_name	last_update
'3'	'ED'	'CHASE'	'2006-02-15 12:34:33'

insert or ignore into actor values ('3','ED','CHASE','2006-02-15 12:34:33');

36.对于如下表actor，其对应的数据为:

actor_id	first_name	last_name	last_update
1	PENELOPE	GUINESS	2006-02-15 12:34:33
2	NICK	WAHLBERG	2006-02-15 12:34:33

创建一个actor_name表，将actor表中的所有first_name以及last_name导入改表。 actor_name表结构如下：

列表	类型	是否为NULL	含义
first_name	varchar(45)	not null	名字
last_name	varchar(45)	not null	姓氏

create table if not exists actor_name (
    first_name varchar(45) not null,
    last_name varchar(45) not null
);
insert into actor_name (first_name,last_name) select first_name,last_name from actor;

37.针对如下表actor结构创建索引：
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actor (
actor_id smallint(5) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
first_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_update timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now','localtime')))
对first_name创建唯一索引uniq_idx_firstname，对last_name创建普通索引idx_lastname

create unique index uniq_idx_firstname on actor(first_name);
create index idx_lastname on actor(last_name);

38.针对actor表创建视图actor_name_view，只包含first_name以及last_name两列，并对这两列重新命名，first_name为first_name_v，last_name修改为last_name_v：
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actor (
actor_id smallint(5) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
first_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_update timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now','localtime')));

create view actor_name_view (first_name_v,last_name_v) as select first_name,last_name from actor;

39.针对salaries表emp_no字段创建的索引idx_emp_no，查询emp_no为10005, 使用强制索引。
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));
create index idx_emp_no on salaries(emp_no);

select * from salaries indexed by idx_emp_no where emp_no='10005';

40.存在actor表，包含如下列信息：
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actor (
actor_id smallint(5) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
first_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_name varchar(45) NOT NULL,
last_update timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now','localtime')));
现在在last_update后面新增加一列名字为create_date, 类型为datetime, NOT NULL，默认值为'0000 00:00:00';

alter table actor add column create_date datetime not null default '0000-00-00 00:00:00';

41.构造一个触发器audit_log，在向employees_test表中插入一条数据的时候，触发插入相关的数据到audit中。
CREATE TABLE employees_test(
ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
NAME TEXT NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
ADDRESS CHAR(50),
SALARY REAL
);
CREATE TABLE audit(
EMP_no INT NOT NULL,
NAME TEXT NOT NULL
);

create trigger audit_log after insert on employees_test
begin 
    insert into audit values (new.id,new.name);
end;

42.删除emp_no重复的记录，只保留最小的id对应的记录。
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS titles_test (
id int(11) not null primary key,
emp_no int(11) NOT NULL,
title varchar(50) NOT NULL,
from_date date NOT NULL,
to_date date DEFAULT NULL);
insert into titles_test values ('1', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('2', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('3', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('4', '10004', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('5', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('6', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('7', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01');

delete from titles_test where id not in (
select min(id) from titles_test group by emp_no);

43.将所有to_date为9999-01-01的全部更新为NULL,且 from_date更新为2001-01-01。
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS titles_test (
id int(11) not null primary key,
emp_no int(11) NOT NULL,
title varchar(50) NOT NULL,
from_date date NOT NULL,
to_date date DEFAULT NULL);
insert into titles_test values ('1', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('2', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('3', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('4', '10004', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('5', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('6', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('7', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01');

update titles_test set to_date=null,from_date='2001-01-01' where to_date='9999-01-01'; 

44.将id=5以及emp_no=10001的行数据替换成id=5以及emp_no=10005,其他数据保持不变，使用replace实现。
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS titles_test (
id int(11) not null primary key,
emp_no int(11) NOT NULL,
title varchar(50) NOT NULL,
from_date date NOT NULL,
to_date date DEFAULT NULL);
insert into titles_test values ('1', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('2', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('3', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('4', '10004', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('5', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('6', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('7', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01');

replace into titles_test values ('5', '10005', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01');

45.将titles_test表名修改为titles_2017。
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS titles_test (
id int(11) not null primary key,
emp_no int(11) NOT NULL,
title varchar(50) NOT NULL,
from_date date NOT NULL,
to_date date DEFAULT NULL);
insert into titles_test values ('1', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('2', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('3', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('4', '10004', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01'),
('5', '10001', 'Senior Engineer', '1986-06-26', '9999-01-01'),
('6', '10002', 'Staff', '1996-08-03', '9999-01-01'),
('7', '10003', 'Senior Engineer', '1995-12-03', '9999-01-01');

alter table titles_test rename to titles_2017; 

46.在audit表上创建外键约束，其emp_no对应employees_test表的主键id。
CREATE TABLE employees_test(
ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
NAME TEXT NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
ADDRESS CHAR(50),
SALARY REAL
);
CREATE TABLE audit(
EMP_no INT NOT NULL,
create_date datetime NOT NULL
);

---SQLite要先删除表
drop table audit;
create table audit(
    emp_no int not null,
    create_date datetime not null,
    foreign key(emp_no) references employees_test(id));

---Mysql可以执行该语句
alter table audit
add  foreign key(emp_no) references employees_test(id)

47.存在如下的视图：
create view emp_v as select * from employees where emp_no >10005;
如何获取emp_v和employees有相同的数据？
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select * from employees where emp_no in (select emp_no from emp_v);

48.将所有获取奖金的员工当前的薪水增加10%。
create table emp_bonus(
emp_no int not null,
recevied datetime not null,
btype smallint not null);
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

update salaries set salary=salary*1.1 where to_date='9999-01-01' 
and emp_no in (select emp_no from emp_bonus);

49.针对库中的所有表生成select count(*)对应的SQL语句
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
create table emp_bonus(
emp_no int not null,
recevied datetime not null,
btype smallint not null);
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select 'select count(*) from '||name||';' cnts from sqlite_master where type='table';

50.将employees表中的所有员工的last_name和first_name通过(')连接起来。
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select last_name||"'"||first_name from employees;

51.查找字符串'10,A,B' 中逗号','出现的次数cnt。

select length('10,A,B')-length(replace('10,A,B',',','')) cnt;

52.获取Employees中的first_name，查询按照first_name最后两个字母，按照升序进行排列
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select first_name from employees order by substr(first_name,length(first_name)-1);

53.按照dept_no进行汇总，属于同一个部门的emp_no按照逗号进行连接，结果给出dept_no以及连接出的结果employees
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));

select dept_no,group_concat(emp_no) employees from dept_emp group by dept_no;

54.查找排除当前最大、最小salary之后的员工的平均工资avg_salary。
CREATE TABLE `salaries` ( `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select avg(salary) avg_salary from salaries where salary <> 
(select max(salary) from salaries) and 
salary <> (select min(salary) from salaries) 
and to_date='9999-01-01';

55.分页查询employees表，每5行一页，返回第2页的数据
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select * from employees limit 5,5;

56.获取所有员工的emp_no、部门编号dept_no以及对应的bonus类型btype和received ，没有分配具体的员工不显示
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` ( `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

create table emp_bonus(
emp_no int not null,
recevied datetime not null,
btype smallint not null);

select t1.emp_no,t1.dept_no,t2.btype,t2.recevied from dept_emp t1 left join emp_bonus t2 
on t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no;

57.使用含有关键字exists查找未分配具体部门的员工的所有信息。
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));

select * from employees where not exists 
(select emp_no from dept_emp where employees.emp_no=dept_emp.emp_no);

58.存在如下的视图：
create view emp_v as select * from employees where emp_no >10005;
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
获取employees中的行数据，且这些行也存在于emp_v中。注意不能使用intersect关键字。

select * from employees where emp_no in (select emp_no from emp_v);

59.获取有奖金的员工相关信息。
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
create table emp_bonus(
emp_no int not null,
recevied datetime not null,
btype smallint not null);
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));
给出emp_no、first_name、last_name、奖金类型btype、对应的当前薪水情况salary以及奖金金额bonus。 bonus类型btype为1其奖金为薪水salary的10%，btype为2其奖金为薪水的20%，其他类型均为薪水的30%。 当前薪水表示to_date='9999-01-01'

select t1.emp_no,t1.first_name,t1.last_name,t3.btype,t2.salary,
(case t3.btype when 1 then t2.salary*0.1 when 2 then t2.salary*0.2 
else t2.salary*0.3 end) as bonus
from employees  t1,salaries t2,emp_bonus t3 
where t1.emp_no=t2.emp_no and t1.emp_no=t3.emp_no and t2.to_date='9999-01-01';

60.按照salary的累计和running_total，其中running_total为前两个员工的salary累计和，其他以此类推。
CREATE TABLE `salaries` ( `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select t1.emp_no,t1.salary,
(select sum(t2.salary) from salaries t2 
 where t2.emp_no <= t1.emp_no and t2.to_date='9999-01-01') running_total 
from salaries t1 where t1.to_date='9999-01-01' order by t1.emp_no;

61.对于employees表中，给出奇数行的first_name
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select t1.first_name from (
(select t2.first_name,
(select count(*) from employees t3 where t3.first_name<=t2.first_name) rowid from employees t2)) t1
where t1.rowid % 2 = 1;