Android_基础_API_nodes

API_node_android

把module用到的API做一个总结吧

1、软键盘

Handle keyboard input ｜Android Developers

调出软键盘

AddWordFragment

//弹出软键盘(弹出软键盘需要控件拿到焦点)
    fun showSoftKeyboard(view: View) {
        if (view.requestFocus()) {
            val imm = activity?.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE) as InputMethodManager
            imm.showSoftInput(view, InputMethodManager.SHOW_IMPLICIT)
        }
    }

//editText控件获取焦点
edEnglish.requestFocus()
showSoftKeyboard(edEnglish)

隐藏软键盘

WordFragment

//隐藏软键盘
    fun hideSoftKeyboard(){
        val imm =requireActivity()?.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE) as InputMethodManager
        imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(view?.windowToken, 0)
    }

//Fragment执行onResume生命周期方法时候隐藏软键盘
	override fun onResume() {
       	super.onResume()
        hideSoftKeyboard()
    }

2、监听editText文本改变

实现效果: 当输入了单词中文和英文单词, 提交按钮设为可用

AddWordFragment

    //TextWatcher监听, 当edEnglish和edChinese内都有内容时候隐藏软键盘
    val textWatcher:TextWatcher =  object :TextWatcher{
        override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable?) {
        }

        override fun beforeTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, count: Int, after: Int) {
        }
        override fun onTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) {
            val english = edEnglish.text.toString().trim()
            val chinese = edChinese.text.toString().trim()
            floatActionButtonAdd.isEnabled = !english.isEmpty() && !chinese.isEmpty()
        }
    }

    //给两个控件添加监听
        edEnglish.addTextChangedListener(textWatcher)
        edChinese.addTextChangedListener(textWatcher)
    }

3、ActionBar回退键

设置导航后Action bar显示向上箭头

WordFragment

//Fragment初始化的时候设置支持回退键
	private fun initEvent() {

        //支持导航到AddFragment碎片时, 回退键头出现
        val navController = findNavController()
        NavigationUI.setupActionBarWithNavController(activity as AppCompatActivity, navController)
        ...
    }

回退键事件监听

MainActivity

//监听点击action bar回退按钮操作
    override fun onSupportNavigateUp(): Boolean {
        /*
        * @ param R.id.nav_word: 指放nav_graph的viewGroup的id
        * */
        return Navigation.findNavController(findViewById(R.id.nav_word)).navigateUp() or super.onSupportNavigateUp()
    }

4、手机自带的回退键的导航出栈

MainActivity

//当按下手机自带导航栏的回退键时候, 需要出栈处理
    override fun onBackPressed() {
        super.onBackPressed()
        Navigation.findNavController(findViewById(R.id.nav_word)).navigateUp()

    }

5、OptionMenu中searchView的文本监听

	override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu, inflater: MenuInflater) {
        super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater)
        val viewItemWord = inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_word, menu)


        // Get the SearchView and set the searchable configuration
        val searchManager = requireActivity().getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE) as SearchManager
        (menu.findItem(R.id.search_word_menu).actionView as SearchView).apply {
        	//设置searchView的最大宽度
            maxWidth = 800

            //searchView文本监听
            setOnQueryTextListener(object: SearchView.OnQueryTextListener{
                override fun onQueryTextSubmit(query: String?): Boolean {
                    return false
                }
                //当搜索框内文本发生改变时后台进行数据获取
                override fun onQueryTextChange(newText: String?): Boolean {
                    newText?.run{
                        words?.removeObservers(viewLifecycleOwner)
                        words = wordViewModel.getSearchWords(newText)

                        //因为requireActivity作为owner的时候,之前的activity也没有删除掉,所以每次都会叠加新的activity作为owner,但是实际要求应该是只有一个owner
                        words?.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) { list ->
                            wordAdapter.submitList(list)
                        }
                    }
                    return true
                }
            })

            //点击软键盘右上角收起(软键盘)键, 同时需要将搜索框变为搜索图标
            /*setOnKeyListener { v, keyCode, event ->
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.){}
            }*/
        }

    }

6、RecyclerView的序号问题处理

WordFragment

 //初始化RecyclerView
    private fun initRecyclerView() {
        wordAdapter = WordAdapter(wordViewModel)

		//rv: 拿到的RecyclerView
        rv?.run{
            adapter = wordAdapter
            //layoutManagerr(linearLayout(requireActivity()
            layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(requireActivity())
//            layoutManager = StaggeredGridLayoutManager(1, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL)

			//RecyclerView显示数据(动画)结束后, 执行
            itemAnimator = object : DefaultItemAnimator() {
                override fun onAnimationFinished(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder) {
                    super.onAnimationFinished(viewHolder)

                    //插入一个item动画结束后, 更新数据(序号)
                    val linnerLayoutManager: LinearLayoutManager = rv?.layoutManager as LinearLayoutManager
                    val first: Int = linnerLayoutManager.findFirstVisibleItemPosition()
                    val last: Int = linnerLayoutManager.findLastVisibleItemPosition()

                    for(i in first..last){
                        val holder = rv?.findViewHolderForAdapterPosition(i) as? WordAdapter.WordViewHolder
                        holder?.let{ it.tvId.text = (i+1).toString()}
                    }
                }
            }

        }

7、RecyclerView删除列表的某一项

WordFragment

 //rv的item滑动删除某一项处理
        object: ItemTouchHelper(object: ItemTouchHelper.SimpleCallback(0,( ItemTouchHelper.START or ItemTouchHelper.END)) {
            /*
            * @param dragDirs: 允许拖动的方向, 0表示不支持拖动
            * @param swipeDirs: 允许滑动的方向, ItemTouchHelper.START: 从左向右开始滑动 ItemTouchHelper.END: 从右向左开始滑动
            * */
            override fun onMove(recyclerView: RecyclerView, viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, target: RecyclerView.ViewHolder): Boolean {
                return false
            }

            override fun onSwiped(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, direction: Int) {
                //拿到要删除的item对应的WordEntity
                val wordItemDelete: WordEntity? = words?.value?.get(viewHolder.adapterPosition)//words.value调用get方法很可能不能实时返回结果, 尤其是当正在异步查询的时候
                wordItemDelete?.run{
                    wordViewModel.deleteWords(this)
                }

                //误删除数据的撤销处理
                Snackbar.make(binding.rvWordfragmentContent, "您删除了一条数据", Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .setAction("撤销") { v ->
                            wordViewModel.insertWords(wordItemDelete!!)
                        }.show()

            }
        }){}.attachToRecyclerView(rv)

删除数据后的撤销处理

//误删除数据的撤销处理
Snackbar.make(binding.rvWordfragmentContent, "您删除了一条数据", Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT)
    .setAction("撤销") { v -> wordViewModel.insertWords(wordItemDelete!!)
}.show()

8、SwitchView开关打开和关闭的监听

WordAdapter

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): WordViewHolder {
        val inflater: LayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context)
        val binding:WordItemContentBinding  = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater, R.layout.word_item_content, parent, false)
        val holder:WordViewHolder = WordViewHolder(binding)
        //**** 注意: 将view的事件监听放入刚刚创建的viewHolder中, 这样就不用每一次点击的时候都要去new一个匿名内部类了

        //整体的卡片式的布局设置监听, 打开百度翻译
        holder.cartView.setOnClickListener(){ v ->

            //当点击事件发生的时候先拿到holder下的这个数据, 拿到的是一个Object类型需要强转
            //val word: WordEntity = holder.cartView.getTag(R.id.id_holder_word_for_view) as WordEntity
            val uri: Uri = Uri.parse("https://fanyi.baidu.com/?aldtype=85#zh/en/${holder.tvEnglish.text}")
            //Log.d("test_english", word.englishMean)
            val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri)
            holder.cartView.context.startActivity(intent)
        }

        //点击开关控件隐藏和显示中文
        holder.switchHideChinese.setOnCheckedChangeListener(){switchView, isChecked->

            //当点击事件发生的时候先拿到holder下的这个数据, 拿到的是一个Object类型需要强转
            val word: WordEntity = holder.cartView.getTag(R.id.id_holder_word_for_view) as WordEntity

            if(isChecked){
                holder.tvChinese.visibility = View.GONE
                word?.isHideChineseMean = true

                word?.run{
                    wordViewModel.updateWords(this)
                }

            }else{
                holder.tvChinese.visibility = View.VISIBLE
                word?.isHideChineseMean = false
                word?.run{
                    wordViewModel.updateWords(this)
                }

            }
        }
        return holder

9、RecyclerView viewHolder下的控件不重复监听的优化技巧
原理:View.setTag
View.getTag

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): WordViewHolder {
        val inflater: LayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context)
        val binding:WordItemContentBinding  = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater, R.layout.word_item_content, parent, false)
        val holder:WordViewHolder = WordViewHolder(binding)
        //**** 注意: 将view的事件监听放入刚刚创建的viewHolder中, 这样就不用每一次点击的时候都要去new一个匿名内部类了
        //整体的卡片式的布局设置监听, 打开百度翻译
        holder.cartView.setOnClickListener(){ v ->

            //当点击事件发生的时候先拿到holder下的这个数据, 拿到的是一个Object类型需要强转
            //val word: WordEntity = holder.cartView.getTag(R.id.id_holder_word_for_view) as WordEntity
            val uri: Uri = Uri.parse("https://fanyi.baidu.com/?aldtype=85#zh/en/${holder.tvEnglish.text}")
            //Log.d("test_english", word.englishMean)
            val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri)
            holder.cartView.context.startActivity(intent)
        }

        //点击开关控件隐藏和显示中文
        holder.switchHideChinese.setOnCheckedChangeListener(){switchView, isChecked->
            //当点击事件发生的时候先拿到holder下的这个数据, 拿到的是一个Object类型需要强转
            val word: WordEntity = holder.cartView.getTag(R.id.id_holder_word_for_view) as WordEntity
            if(isChecked){
                holder.tvChinese.visibility = View.GONE
                word?.isHideChineseMean = true

                word?.run{
                    wordViewModel.updateWords(this)
                }

            }else{
                holder.tvChinese.visibility = View.VISIBLE
                word?.isHideChineseMean = false
                word?.run{
                    wordViewModel.updateWords(this)
                }
            }
        }
        return holder
    }

    

    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: WordViewHolder, position: Int) {
        val word: WordEntity = getItem(position)

        //存储word
        holder.cartView.setTag(R.id.id_holder_word_for_view, word)
        ...

	}