# 元祖tuple(1,2,)
# 元祖元素不可以被修改,可以增加删除元素,内部元素有序(可以索引,切片),可以for循环
# tu = tuple(str) 字符串转换为元组
# tu = tuple(list) 列表转换为元祖
# list = list(tuple) 元祖转换为列表
# 元祖转换为字符串
# tu = ('name','age','1','2','3',)
# s = ''.join(tu) #join中放入的元素需要是字符串类型的
# print(s)
# tu= ('name','age','1','2','3')
# res = ''
# for i in tu:
# res = res +i
# print(res)
# tu = (1,2,3,'name','age',[4,5,6],[7,(8,9,10)])
# print(tu[6][1][0]) #元祖的一级元素不可修改,但是内部的二级元素可以修改
# tu[2] = 11
# print(tu) #'tuple' object does not support item assignment
# tu[5][0] = 40
# print(tu)
# 获取指定元素的出现次数
# tu = (1,2,3,'name','age',[4,5,6],[7,(8,9,10)])
# print(tu.count(1))
# 获取指定元素的索引
# tu = (1,2,3,'name','age',[4,5,6],[7,(8,9,10)])
# print(tu.index(2))
# print(tu.index('name'))
# 字典dict {key:value}-->哈希表保存 字典是无序的
# 字典的value可以是任意类型
# 字典的key可以是数字,字符串,元祖(布尔值,列表,字典不行)
# 字典的value值通过key去找
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# print(dic['name'])
# print(dic[1])
# 删除指定key:value
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# del dic[1] 指定key值就可以了
# print(dic)
# 不能使用while循环
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# for item in dic: # 使用for循环默认打印所有的key
# print(item)
# for item in dic.keys(): # 使用for循环打印所有的key
# print(item)
# for item in dic.values(): #使用for循环打印所有的value
# print(item)
# for k,v in dic.items(): #使用for循环同时获取key和value
# print(k,v)
# 清空字典
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# dic.clear()
# print(dic)
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# v1= dic.get('name','dwj') #字典中存在这个key值,返回它对应的value值
# v2 =dic.get('name1','dwj') #字典中不存在这个key值,将后边的变为其value值输出
# print(dic)
# print(v1)
# print(v2)
# 删除(弹出)
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# v= dic.popitem()
# print(v)
# pop
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# print(dic.pop('name','dwj')) #若key存在,弹出它对应的value值
# print(dic.pop('name1','dwj')) #若key不存在,弹出后边的值作为其value值
# setdefault
# dic = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# v1 = dic.setdefault('name','dwj') # 若key存在,返回它对应的value值
# v2 = dic.setdefault('name1','dwj') #若key不存在,返回后边的值作为其value值,并插入这一对key:value
# print(v1)
# print(v2)
# print(dic)
# 更新字典
# dic1 = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# dic1.update({'name1':'dwj','age1':18})
# dic2 = {'name':'jiangqi','age':18,1:2}
# dic2.update(name1='dwj',age1=18)
# print(dic1)
# print(dic2)
# 集合 不同元素组成,无序,集合中元素 必须是不可变类型(数字,字符串,元祖)
# 可变类型:指内存地址不变,内容可以改变
# 不可变类型:内容改变,地址就会改变
# s = {'name','jq'}
# print(type(s))
# s = set(['jiangqi','jiangqi','dwj','name']) #创建集合,并去除重复元素,无序
# print(s)
# print(type(s))
# 集合添加元素
# s = set(['jiangqi', 'jiangqi', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s.add('age')
# print(s)
# 集合指定删除元素,不存在会报错
# s = set(['jiangqi', 'jiangqi', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s.remove('name')
# print(s)
# 删除指定元素,不存在不会报错
# s = set(['jiangqi', 'jiangqi', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s.discard('age')
# print(s)
# 随机弹出元素
# s = set(['jiangqi', 'jiangqi', 'dwj', 'name'])
# v= s.pop()
# print(v)
# 清空集合元素
# s = set(['jiangqi', 'jiangqi', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s.clear()
# print(s)
# 集合的关系运算
# 交集(你我都有)
# s1 = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s2 = set(['jiangqi', 'jq', 'dwjj', 'age'])
# v = s1.intersection(s2)
# print(v)
# print(s1&s2)
# 并集(你我一起)
# s1 = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s2 = set(['jiangqi', 'jq', 'dwjj', 'age'])
# print(s1.union(s2))
# print(s1|s2)
# 差集(我有你没有)
# s1 = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s2 = set(['jiangqi', 'jq', 'dwjj', 'age'])
# print(s1.difference(s2))
# print(s1-s2)
# 交叉补集(你有我没有∪我有你没有)
# s1 = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s2 = set(['jiangqi', 'jq', 'dwjj', 'age'])
# print(s1.symmetric_difference(s2))
# print(s1^s2)
# 判断两个集合是否有交集
# s1 = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s2 = set(['jiangqi', 'jq', 'dwjj', 'age'])
# print(s1.isdisjoint(s2)) #有交集返回False
#父子集判断
# s1 = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s2 = set(['jiangqi', 'jq', 'dwjj', 'age'])
# print(s1.issubset(s2)) #若s1是s2的子集,返回True
# print(s1.issuperset(s2)) #若s1是s2的父集,返回True
#集合是可变的,创建不可变集合
# s = set(['jiangqi', 'yiren', 'dwj', 'name'])
# s = frozenset(s)
# print(s) #frozenset({'dwj', 'jiangqi', 'name', 'yiren'})
#format字符串格式化
# print('I am {},age {}'.format('jiangqi',18))
# print('I am {0},age {1}'.format('jiangqi',18))
# print('I am {name},age {age}'.format(name='jiangqi',age=18))
# print('I am {name},age {age}'.format(**{'name':'jiangqi','age':18}))
# print('I am {[0]}, age {[1]}'.format(['jiangqi',2,3],[4,18,6]))
# print('I am {:s},age {:d}'.format('jiangqi',18))
# print('I am {:s},age {:d}'.format(*['jiangqi',18])) #传入列表需要加*
# print('I am {name:s},age {age:d}'.format(name='jiangqi',age=18))
# print('I am {name:s},age {age:d}'.format(**{'name':'jiangqi','age':18})) #传入字典需要加**
# print("二进制{:b},八进制{:o},十进制{:d},十六进制小写{:x},十六进制大写{:X},百分比{:%}".format(15,15,15,15,15,15.87623))
Python基础知识(第二部分)
最新推荐文章于 2023-03-07 19:55:37 发布