Mybatis的延迟加载lazy

何为延迟加载

就是在需要用到数据时才进行加载，不需要用到数据时就不加载数据。延迟加载也称懒加载。
好处：先从单表查询，需要时再从关联表去关联查询，大大提高数据库性能，因为查询单表要比关 联 查询多张表速度要快。

准备数据库表

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
  `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
  `sex` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  `address` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=23 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

CREATE TABLE `account` (
  `ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
  `UID` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
  `MONEY` double DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  KEY `FK_Reference_8` (`UID`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_8` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

使用 assocation 实现延迟加载

需求：查询账户信息同时查询用户信息，如果账户信息满足需求，就不需要查询用户信息。
实体类Account和User：

public class Account {
    private String id;
    private String uid;
    private Double money;
    private User user;
    //省略了getXXX(),setXXX(),toString()方法
}
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;
    //省略了getXXX(),setXXX(),toString()方法
}

持久层账户Account接口：

public interface AccountMapper {
    /***
    * @Description 查询所有账户信息
    * @Param: []
    * @return: java.util.List<com.zy.domin.Account>
    */
    List<Account> findAll();
}

持久层账户映射文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zy.dao.AccountMapper">
    <resultMap id="accountMap" type="account">
        <id property="id" column="id"></id>
        <result property="uid" column="uid"></result>
        <result property="money" column="money"></result>
        <!--
        select：填写我们要调用的 select 映射的全限定类名和方法
        column ：填写我们要传递给 select 映射的参数
        -->
        <association property="user"
                     javaType="user"
                     column="uid"
                     select="com.zy.dao.UserMapper.findByUserId">
        </association>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="accountMap">
      select * from account;
    </select>
</mapper>

用户持久层接口和映射文件：

public interface UserMapper {
    /***
    * @Description 根据id查询用户信息
    * @Param: [uid]
    * @return: com.zy.domin.User
    */
    User findByUserId(Integer uid);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zy.dao.UserMapper">
    <select id="findByUserId" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
        select * from user where id=#{uid}
    </select>
</mapper>

开启Mybatis延迟加载：

<settings>
   <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
   <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
</settings>

测试类：

public class AccountTest {
    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder;
    private SqlSessionFactory factory;
    private SqlSession session;
    private AccountMapper accountMapper;
    @Before//在test方法执行之前执行
    public void befor() throws Exception {
        //读取SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
        builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        factory = builder.build(in);
        //使用工厂生产SqlSession
        session = factory.openSession();
        //使用SqlSession创建dao接口代理对象
        accountMapper = session.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
    }
    @After//在test方法执行之后执行
    public void after() throws Exception {
        session.commit();
        session.close();
        in.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<Account> accounts = accountMapper.findAll();
        for (Account account:accounts){
            System.out.println(account);
            System.out.println(account.getUser());
        }
    }
}

使用 collection 实现延迟加载

需求：加载用户信息，查询该用户下的账户信息
实体类User和Account：

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;
    private List<Account> accounts;
    //省略了getXXX(),setXXX(),toString()方法
}
public class Account {
    private String id;
    private String uid;
    private Double money;
    //省略了getXXX(),setXXX(),toString()方法
}

用户持久层和账户持久层接口方法：

public interface UserMapper {
    /***
    * @Description 查询所有用户
    * @Param: []
    * @return: java.util.List<com.zy.domin.User>
    */
    List<User> findAll();
}
public interface AccountMapper {
    /***
    * @Description 根据id查询账户信息
    * @Param: [accountId]
    * @return: java.util.List<com.zy.domin.Account>
    */
    List<Account> findByAccount(Integer accountId);
}

用户持久层映射：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zy.dao.UserMapper">
    <resultMap id="userMap" type="user">
        <id column="id" property="id"></id>
        <result column="username" property="username"></result>
        <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
        <result column="sex" property="sex"></result>
        <result column="address" property="address"></result>
        <collection property="accounts"
                    ofType="account"
                    column="id"
                    select="com.zy.dao.AccountMapper.findByAccount">
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    <!--这里写具体的sql语句-->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
      select * from user;
    </select>
</mapper>

账户持久层映射：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zy.dao.AccountMapper">
    <!--查询账户-->
    <select id="findByAccount" parameterType="int" resultType="account">
        select * from account where uid=#{uid};
    </select>
</mapper>

测试代码：

@Test
public void testFindAll(){
  final List<User> users = userMapper.findAll();
    for (User user:users){
       System.out.println(user);
       System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
   }
}

加油吧