python常用语句

1、除法

读入第一个数字记入变量x中，读入第二个数字记入变量y中；x与y相乘

错误法：

x = input()
y = input()
print(x+y)
//输入x=2,y=4时。输出为42

正确法：

x = int(input())
y = int(input())
print(x//y)   #结果为4/2=2
print(x/y)    #结果为4/2=2.0

2、去掉空格

strip()

print(name.strip())

2、列表的添加删除

1、添加

1. insert(index, obj) #将列表某个位置改变

list.insert(0, 'GURR')

2. append() #在列表的后面添加元素

list.append('LOLO')

2、列表的删除

company_list = ['Alibaba','Baidu','Tencent','MeiTuan','JD']

1. del

del company_list[0]

2. pop

company_list.pop(-1)  #删除列表相应的位置

3. remove

company_list.remove('Tencent')  	#删除具体的值

3、排序与反转

1. sorted()

sorted(my_list,reverse=True)

2. sort()

4、二维列表

name = ['Niumei', 'YOLO', 'Niu Ke Le', 'Mona'] 

food = ['pizza', 'fish', 'potato', 'beef']
number = [3, 6, 0, 3]

friends = []

friends.append(name)
friends.append(food)
friends.append(number)
print(friends)

输出结果：

[['Niumei', 'YOLO', 'Niu Ke Le', 'Mona'], ['pizza', 'fish', 'potato', 'beef'], [3, 6, 0, 3]]

5、一维列表的长度

len()

print(len(my_list))

6、输出数值小数点后位数

1. round()
2. print(‘%.Nf’%X)或者print(“%.Nf”%X) #输出保留X的N位小数
3. print(format(X, ‘.Nf’)或者print(format(X,“.Nf”)

7、数组的为空判断

my_list = []

if not my_list:
    print('my_list is empty!')
else:
    print('my_list is not empty!')

8、字典的输出

1. 字典key值  dict.items()

operators_dict = {'<': 'less than','==': 'equal'}
print('Here is the original dict:')
for i,j in sorted(operators_dict.items()):
    print(f'Operator {i} means {j}.')

​ 2. 字典中包含字典

cities_dict = {'bbeijing':{'Capital':'China'},
			  'Moscow':{'Capital':'Russia'},
			  'Paris':{'Capital':'France'}}
for city in sorted(cities_dict):
	for cap in cities_dict[city]:
		print(f'{cities_dict[city][cap]}')

3. 列表中添加字典

my_dict_1 = {'name': 'Niuniu','Student ID': 1}
my_dict_2 = {'name': 'Niumei','Student ID': 2}
my_dict_3 = {'name': 'Niu Ke Le','Student ID': 3}
dict_list = []
dict_list.append(my_dict_1)
dict_list.append(my_dict_2)
dict_list.append(my_dict_3)
# print(dict_list)
for i in range(len(dict_list)):
#     print(dict_list[i]['name'].title())
    print(f"{dict_list[i]['name'].title()}'s student id is {dict_list[i]['Student ID'].numerator}.")

9、try-expect代码块

my_tuple = ('Tom','Andy')
print('Here is the original tuple:')
for name in my_tuple:
    print(f'{name}')
print()

try:
    my_tuple[1] = 'Allen'
except TypeError:
    print("my_tuple[1] = 'Allen' cause a TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment")