整合Spring和SpringMVC

Spring容器和SpringMVC容器的关系

Spring容器是一个父容器，SpringMVC容器是一个子容器，它继承自Spring容器。因此，在SpringMVC容器中，可以访问到Spring容器中定义的Bean，而在Spring容器中，无法访问SpringMVC容器中定义的Bean。在Web开发中，Controller全部在SpringMVC中扫描，除了Controller之外的Bean，全部在Spring容器中扫描（Service、Dao），按这种方式扫描，扫描完完成后，Controller可以访问到Service。

1. 为什么不全部都在Spring中扫描
     因为处理器映射器只会去SpringMVC中查找到Controller，如果没有，就找不到，不会去Spring中找，这就决定了，Controller必须在SpringMVC中扫描。
2. 为什么不全部在SpringMVC中扫描
     在SSM整合或者Spring+SpringMVC+JdbcTemplate中，可以全部在SpringMVC中扫描，但是，在SSH整合中，这种方式不允许。

最佳实践：

1. Controller在SpringMVC中扫描，视图解析器等在SpringMVC容器中配置
2. Spring中扫描Service、Dao已经其他组件，事务定义、数据源定义都在Spring容器中配置

案例

Spring配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

	<!-- 开启扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.sxt.service.impl,com.sxt.dao.impl" use-default-filters="true">
		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
	</context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"
		id="dataSource">
		<!-- 配置数据库的相关信息 -->
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<property name="url"
			value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/1227?characterEncoding=utf-8" />
		<property name="username" value="root" />
		<property name="password" value="1999" />
	</bean>


	<!-- 配置JdbcTemplate -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" id="template">
		<!-- 构造注入关联数据源 -->
		<constructor-arg ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

springMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
	<!-- 开启扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.sxt.controller" use-default-filters="false">
		<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
	</context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 开启SpringMVC注解的方式 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven>
		<mvc:message-converters>
			<bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter"></bean>
		</mvc:message-converters>
	</mvc:annotation-driven>
	
</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>SpringMVC-01</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <!-- 这里配置Spring配置文件的位置，
		 param-name是固定的，
		 param-value是文件位置 这个配置可以省略，
		 如果省略， 系统默认去/WEB-INF/目录下查找applicationContext.xml作为Spring的配置文件 -->
		 <context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	
  <!-- 配置SpringMVC的前端控制器 中央控制器 -->
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  	<!-- 容器启动的时候就加载 -->
  	<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <!-- 配置SpringMVC的映射地址 -->
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <!-- spring框架提供的字符集过滤器 -->
	<!-- spring Web MVC框架提供了org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter用于解决POST方式造成的中文乱码问题 -->
	<!-- 只能处理post方式的中文乱码问题 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param> 
			<param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

user.java

package com.sxt.pojo;

public class User {

	private Integer id;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
	
}

IUserDao

package com.sxt.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.sxt.pojo.User;

public interface IUserDao {

	public List<User> query();
}

UserDaoImpl

package com.sxt.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.sxt.dao.IUserDao;
import com.sxt.pojo.User;

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements IUserDao{
	@Resource
	private JdbcTemplate template;
	
	@Override
	public List<User> query() {
		String sql="select * from t_user";
		return template.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class));
	}

}

IUserService

package com.sxt.service;

import java.util.List;
import com.sxt.pojo.User;

public interface IUserService {

	public List<User> query();
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.sxt.service.impl;

import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.sxt.dao.IUserDao;
import com.sxt.pojo.User;
import com.sxt.service.IUserService;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService{
	@Resource
	private IUserDao dao;
	
	@Override
	public List<User> query() {
		return dao.query();
	}

}

UserController

package com.sxt.controller;

import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.sxt.pojo.User;
import com.sxt.service.IUserService;

@RestController
public class UserController {

	@Resource
	private IUserService userService;
	
	@RequestMapping
	public List<User> query(){
		return userService.query();
	}
}