dubbo相关概念介绍及高可用

和SpringCloud概念比较：

dubbo：采用tcp传输协议（单一长连接，异步通讯），面向接口的RPC远程调用

springcloud：采用http协议，restTemplate的restful风格调用

tcp和http协议的比较详见网络协议博客

负载均衡

@Reference(loadbalance="roundrobin")

默认为随机

roundrobin：轮询

leastactive：最小连接数

服务降级

提供者接口

public interface DubboMockTestApi {

    String sayHello();

    String sayWorld();

}

消费者引用

package com.haiyoung;
public class DubboMockTestClient{

    /**
    * 简单的忽略异常
    */
    @Reference(version = "1.0.0", mock = "return null")
    private DubboMockTestApi dubboMockTestApi;

    /**
    * 开启服务降级，返回指定mock数据
    */
    @Reference(version = "1.0.0", mock = "com.haiyoung.DubboMockTestApiMock")
    private DubboMockTestApi dubboMockTestApi;

    /**
    * 对指定方法开启服务降级，返回指定mock数据
    * Customized parameter key-value pair, for example: {key1, value1, key2, value2}
    */
    @Reference(version = "1.0.0", parameters = {"sayHello.mock", "com.haiyoung.DubboMockTestApiMock"})
    private DubboMockTestApi dubboMockTestApi;
}


public class DubboMockTestApiMock implements DubboMockTestApi{
    @Override
    public String sayHello() {
        //返回mock数据，自定义返回逻辑
        return "hello mock!";
    }

    @Override
    public String sayWorld() {
        //返回mock数据，自定义返回逻辑
        return "world mock!";
    }
}

服务熔断

provider使用熔断器

1、添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2、在 Application 中增加 @EnableHystrix 注解

3、在 Service 中增加 @HystrixCommand 注解

在调用方法上增加 @HystrixCommand配置，此时调用会经过Hystrix代理

package com.xyl.hello.dubbo.service.user.provider.api.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.xyyl.hello.dubbo.service.user.api.UserService;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

@Service(version = "${user.service.version}")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Value("${dubbo.protocol.port}")
    private String port;

    @HystrixCommand(commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"),
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "2000")
    })
    @Override
    public String sayHi() {
//        return "Hello Dubbo, i am from port:" + port;
        throw new RuntimeException("Exception to show hystrix enabled.");
    }
}

consumer使用熔断器

1、添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2、在 Application 中增加 @EnableHystrix 注解

3、在调用方法上增加 @HystrixCommand 注解，并指定 fallbackMethod 方法

package com.xyl.hello.dubbo.service.user.consumer.controller;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.xyl.hello.dubbo.service.user.api.UserService;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Reference(version = "${user.service.version}")
    private UserService userService;

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiError")
    @RequestMapping(value = "hi")
    public String sayHi() {
        return userService.sayHi();
    }

    public String hiError() {
        return "Hystrix fallback";
    }
}