Spring DI依赖注入

依赖注入：我们托管给spring核心容器的类中存在属性，需要Spring在创建该类的实例的时候随便给这个对象的属性赋值，这就是依赖注入。

使用有参构造进行属性注入
constructor-arg标签属性
    name:类的属性名

    <bean id="memberController" class="com.angen.controller.UserController">
        <constructor-arg name="memberService" ref="memberService"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <bean id="memberService" class="com.angen.service.impl.MemberServiceImpl">
        
    </bean>

public class UserController {
    private MemberService memberService;
    private UserController(){}

    public UserController(MemberService memberService) {
        this.memberService = memberService;
    }

    public void user(){
        Member user = memberService.getUser();
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

实际开发中，我们是使用set方法进行有参构造

<bean id="memberController" class="com.angen.controller.UserController">
        <!--<constructor-arg name="memberService" ref="memberService"></constructor-arg>-->
        <property name="memberService" ref="memberService"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="memberService" class="com.angen.service.impl.MemberServiceImpl">

    </bean>

public class UserController {
    private MemberService memberService;
    private UserController(){}

    public UserController(MemberService memberService) {
        this.memberService = memberService;
    }

    public void setMemberService(MemberService memberService) {
        this.memberService = memberService;
    }

    public void user(){
        Member user = memberService.getUser();
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

---

property标签：

注入的属性类型：

1，对象（spring核心容器中的对象）类型，使用ref属性=对象的id

2，简单类型  value属性=值

<bean id="memberController" class="com.angen.controller.UserController">
        <!--<constructor-arg name="memberService" ref="memberService"></constructor-arg>-->
        <property name="memberService" ref="memberService"></property>
        <property name="username" value="张三"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="memberService" class="com.angen.service.impl.MemberServiceImpl">

    </bean>

public class UserController {
    private MemberService memberService;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    private UserController(){}

    public UserController(MemberService memberService) {
        this.memberService = memberService;
    }

    public void setMemberService(MemberService memberService) {
        this.memberService = memberService;
    }

    public void user(){
        Member user = memberService.getUser();
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

3，数组或者map类型

<bean id="memberController" class="com.angen.controller.UserController">
        <!--<constructor-arg name="memberService" ref="memberService"></constructor-arg>-->
        <property name="memberService" ref="memberService"></property>
        <property name="username" value="张三"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>

        <property name="array" >
            <array>
                <value>1</value>
                <value>4</value>
                <value>3</value>
                <value>2</value>
            </array>
        </property>
    </bean>

<property name="map">
            <map >
                <entry key="username" value="张三"></entry> 
                <entry key="password" value="123456"></entry> 
            </map>
        </property>

---

百度一下，p命名空间注入，了解即可。

---

注解方式进行依赖注入

1，注入对象类型的属性

@Autowired：自动装配，如果Spring核心容器中，只有一个该类型的对象，则自动把那个对象注入给属性。

假如有多个该类型的对象，就会根据属性名来匹配实现类对象的类名，匹配上哪个就是哪个，

或者通过@Qualifier注解手动指定注入哪个对象。

还或者使用@Resource也可以注入，并且可以通过name指定注入哪个对象。（这个注解是JDK原生的注解）。

2，注入一个简单类型的属性

@Value注解注入即可