【ES】原生es的复杂查询

相关依赖

 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
     <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
     <version>7.17.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
     <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
     <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
     <version>7.17.6</version>
</dependency>

复杂查询概述

复杂查询本文指通过esClient.search()方法进行的查询。

查询的代码框架为:

private static void query() throws IOException {
        
        
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("要查询的索引名称");
        
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        
        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = null;
        // 对queryBuilder 进行相关赋值
        
        searchSourceBuilder.query(queryBuilder);
        
        searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

    }

在上述查询的代码框架中，有一个类SearchSourceBuilder和一个接口QueryBuilder需要关注,其二者的关系为searchSourceBuilder.query(queryBuilder)：QueryBuilder为SearchSourceBuilder类的query方法的入参。

本文概括性的将esClient.search()分为两大类型的查询操作，分别定义为外层查询，以及内层查询，外层查询相关操作可以通过SearchSourceBuilder进行实现，内层查询可通过QueryBuilder进行实现。

通过SearchSourceBuilder的相关方法，可以实现分页查询,聚类查询,对查询结果排序,过滤查询结果字段等对查询结果进行操作的功能；通过QueryBuilder则可实现具体的查询功能，如模糊查询,组合查询,条件查询,全量查询等具体查询功能，下面分别对这两大类查询做代码举例。

外层查询-SearchSourceBuilder(类)

外层查询概述

外层查询主要是对 SearchSourceBuilder进行操作，查询的代码框架如下，下文将通过对代码框架中的dealSearchSourceBuilder 方法做修改来实现各种外层查询功能。

 private static void query() throws IOException {


        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("要查询的索引名称");
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        // 外层操作，对SearchSourceBuilder进行相关操作
        dealSearchSourceBuilder(searchSourceBuilder);

        searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

        System.err.println(Arrays.toString(response.getHits().getHits()));

    }

    private static void dealSearchSourceBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){

    }

对查询结果进行分页

分页查询使用SearchSourceBuilder的from和size方法，from方法入参为索引起始位置(从0开始),size方法入参为要查询的条数。示例代码如下：

    private static void dealSearchSourceBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        searchSourceBuilder.from(0).size(1);
    }

对查询结果进行排序

private static void dealSearchSourceBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        searchSourceBuilder.sort("age", SortOrder.ASC);
    }

对查询结果字段进行过滤

    private static void dealSearchSourceBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        // 查询结果需保留的字段
        String[] includesFields = {"a","b"};
        // 查询结果不需要的字段
        String[] excludesFields = {"c","d"};
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(includesFields,excludesFields);
    }

对查询结果进行聚合

聚合查询通过 searchSourceBuilder.aggregation实现，aggregation方法的入参由AggregationBuilders进行构建，这里简单的举两个例子。

求年龄的最大值

    private static void dealSearchSourceBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        MaxAggregationBuilder maxAggregationBuilder = 
AggregationBuilders.max("age").field("age");// 
        searchSourceBuilder.aggregation(maxAggregationBuilder);
    }

获取聚合结果

根据年龄进行分组

 private static void dealSearchSourceBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        TermsAggregationBuilder termsAggregationBuilder = AggregationBuilders.terms("ageAlias").field("age");
        searchSourceBuilder.aggregation(termsAggregationBuilder);
    }

获取聚合-分组结果使用

 ParsedMax parsedMax = response.getAggregations().get("agaGroup");

SearchResponse response = esClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
		// 分组结果用 Terms 接收
        Terms terms = response.getAggregations().get("agaGroup");
        List<? extends Terms.Bucket> buckets = terms.getBuckets();
        buckets.forEach(el->{
            System.err.println(el.getKey());
            System.err.println(el.getDocCount());
        });

内层查询-QueryBuilder(接口)

概述

外层查询主要是对 SearchSourceBuilder.query方法进行操作，query方法的入参通过QueryBuilders工具类来进行构建.查询的代码框架如下，下文将通过对代码框架中的dealSearchSourceBuilderQuery 方法做修改来实现各种外层查询功能。

    private static void query() throws IOException {
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("demo");
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        // 对 searchSourceBuilder.query 传参数进行处理
        dealSearchSourceBuilderQuery(searchSourceBuilder);
        searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
                System.err.println(Arrays.toString(response.getHits().getHits()));

    }
    
    private static void dealSearchSourceBuilderQuery(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
    }

全量查询

   private static void dealSearchSourceBuilderQuery(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
    }

条件查询

private static void dealSearchSourceBuilderQuery(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.termQuery("age",17));
    }

多条件查询

    private static void dealSearchSourceBuilderQuery(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder){
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("age",17));
        boolQueryBuilder.should(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name","xiaoming"));
        boolQueryBuilder.mustNot(QueryBuilders.termQuery("tel","110"));
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder);
    }