CMD vs PowerShell vs Bash (CMD, PowerShell，Bash三种CLI Shell的对比)

CMD, PowerShell and Bash are 3 different kinds of CLI (Command Line Interface) Shells.

CMD (Command Prompt):

• CMD, short for Windows Command Prompt, is the default command-line interpreter for Microsoft Windows operating systems.
• CMD operates with pre-built commands like cd, copy, ping, etc.
• The output is in the form of characters, and it treats input and output as text structures.

PowerShell:

• PowerShell is an advanced version of CMD with added functionalities and features.
• Designed for system administrators, it’s a task-based command-line interface based on the .NET Framework. It has a more interactive graphical command-line interface (CLI) and better support for server automation tasks.
• Unlike CMD, PowerShell treats input and output as objects, making it more versatile.
• PowerShell supports creating custom cmdlets and aliases for both CMD and Bash commands.
• PowerShell learning documentation: PowerShell学习文档, PowerShell learning documentation

Bash:

• Bash is a command-line and scripting language primarily used in Unix/Linux-based operating systems. It’s the default shell in most Linux distributions and has been around since the early days of Unix.
• Like CMD, Bash treats input and output as text structures.
• commands cheat sheet: linux-commands-cheat-sheet-pdf.pdf

Compatibility aliases in Windows PowerShell

PowerShell has several aliases that allow UNIX and cmd.exe users to use familiar commands in Windows. The following table show common commands, the related PowerShell cmdlet, and the PowerShell alias:
https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/powershell/scripting/learn/shell/using-aliases?view=powershell-7.4

cmd.exe command	UNIX command	PowerShell cmdlet	PowerShell alias
cd, chdir	cd	Set-Location	sl, cd, chdir
cls	clear	Clear-Host	cls, clear
copy	cp	Copy-Item	cpi, cp, copy
del, erase, rd, rmdir	rm	Remove-Item	ri, del, erase, rd, rm, rmdir
dir	ls	Get-ChildItem	gci, dir, ls
echo	echo	Write-Output	write, echo
md	mkdir	New-Item	ni
move	mv	Move-Item	mi, move, mi
popd	popd	Pop-Location	popd
	pwd	Get-Location	gl, pwd
pushd	pushd	Push-Location	pushd
ren	mv	Rename-Item	rni, ren
type	cat	Get-Content	c, cat, type