（2）nginx 安装、启停

1、下载

nginx: downloadhttp://nginx.org/en/download.html2、安装pcre库（支持rewrite模块）、zlib库（支持gzip模块）、openssl库（支持ssl模块）

忘了截图，下次安装再补上

3、解压安装包

tar zxvf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

4、编译安装

./configure && make && make install

以上命令，nginx将默认安装到 /usr/local/nginx 目录下， ./configure --help 查看nginx可以选择的编译选项

root@ubuntu:~/mount/nginx-1.14.0$ ./configure --help

  --help                             print this message

  --prefix=PATH                      set installation prefix            # 安装路径，默认 /usr/local/nginx
  --sbin-path=PATH                   set nginx binary pathname          # 可执行文件安装路径，安装时指定，默认 prefix/sbin/nginx
  --modules-path=PATH                set modules path
  --conf-path=PATH                   set nginx.conf pathname            # 主配置文件路径，默认 prefix/conf/nginx.conf
  --error-log-path=PATH              set error log pathname             # 错误日志的路径，默认 prefix/logs/error.log
  --pid-path=PATH                    set nginx.pid pathname             # nginx.pid的路径，默认 prefix/logs/nginx.pid
  --lock-path=PATH                   set nginx.lock pathname            # nginx.lock文件的路径，保证只有一个服务运行的锁文件，nginx启动时自动创建

  --user=USER                        set non-privileged user for        # 指定用户，默认时nobody
                                     worker processes
  --group=GROUP                      set non-privileged group for       # 若nginx.conf未指定用户组，则默认为 nobody
                                     worker processes

  --build=NAME                       set build name                     # 
  --builddir=DIR                     set build directory                # 指定编译的目录

  --with-select_module               enable select module               # 使用select模式（轮询，不适宜高并发）。默认select模式
  --without-select_module            disable select module              # 不使用select模式
  --with-poll_module                 enable poll module                 # 使用poll
  --without-poll_module              disable poll module

  --with-threads                     enable thread pool support         # 使支持线程池

  --with-file-aio                    enable file AIO support            # 

  --with-http_ssl_module             enable ngx_http_ssl_module         # 启用HTTP SSL，使支持HTTPS请求
  --with-http_v2_module              enable ngx_http_v2_module          # 
  --with-http_realip_module          enable ngx_http_realip_module      # 
  --with-http_addition_module        enable ngx_http_addition_module
  --with-http_xslt_module            enable ngx_http_xslt_module
  --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic    enable dynamic ngx_http_xslt_module
  --with-http_image_filter_module    enable ngx_http_image_filter_module
  --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic
                                     enable dynamic ngx_http_image_filter_module
  --with-http_geoip_module           enable ngx_http_geoip_module
  --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic   enable dynamic ngx_http_geoip_module
  --with-http_sub_module             enable ngx_http_sub_module
  --with-http_dav_module             enable ngx_http_dav_module
  --with-http_flv_module             enable ngx_http_flv_module
  --with-http_mp4_module             enable ngx_http_mp4_module
  --with-http_gunzip_module          enable ngx_http_gunzip_module
  --with-http_gzip_static_module     enable ngx_http_gzip_static_module
  --with-http_auth_request_module    enable ngx_http_auth_request_module
  --with-http_random_index_module    enable ngx_http_random_index_module
  --with-http_secure_link_module     enable ngx_http_secure_link_module
  --with-http_degradation_module     enable ngx_http_degradation_module
  --with-http_slice_module           enable ngx_http_slice_module
  --with-http_stub_status_module     enable ngx_http_stub_status_module

  --without-http_charset_module      disable ngx_http_charset_module
  --without-http_gzip_module         disable ngx_http_gzip_module
  --without-http_ssi_module          disable ngx_http_ssi_module
  --without-http_userid_module       disable ngx_http_userid_module
  --without-http_access_module       disable ngx_http_access_module
  --without-http_auth_basic_module   disable ngx_http_auth_basic_module
  --without-http_mirror_module       disable ngx_http_mirror_module
  --without-http_autoindex_module    disable ngx_http_autoindex_module
  --without-http_geo_module          disable ngx_http_geo_module
  --without-http_map_module          disable ngx_http_map_module
  --without-http_split_clients_module disable ngx_http_split_clients_module
  --without-http_referer_module      disable ngx_http_referer_module
  --without-http_rewrite_module      disable ngx_http_rewrite_module
  --without-http_proxy_module        disable ngx_http_proxy_module
  --without-http_fastcgi_module      disable ngx_http_fastcgi_module
  --without-http_uwsgi_module        disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module
  --without-http_scgi_module         disable ngx_http_scgi_module
  --without-http_grpc_module         disable ngx_http_grpc_module
  --without-http_memcached_module    disable ngx_http_memcached_module
  --without-http_limit_conn_module   disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module
  --without-http_limit_req_module    disable ngx_http_limit_req_module
  --without-http_empty_gif_module    disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module
  --without-http_browser_module      disable ngx_http_browser_module
  --without-http_upstream_hash_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_hash_module
  --without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module
  --without-http_upstream_least_conn_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module
  --without-http_upstream_keepalive_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module
  --without-http_upstream_zone_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_zone_module

  --with-http_perl_module            enable ngx_http_perl_module
  --with-http_perl_module=dynamic    enable dynamic ngx_http_perl_module
  --with-perl_modules_path=PATH      set Perl modules path
  --with-perl=PATH                   set perl binary pathname

  --http-log-path=PATH               set http access log pathname
  --http-client-body-temp-path=PATH  set path to store
                                     http client request body temporary files
  --http-proxy-temp-path=PATH        set path to store
                                     http proxy temporary files
  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH      set path to store
                                     http fastcgi temporary files
  --http-uwsgi-temp-path=PATH        set path to store
                                     http uwsgi temporary files
  --http-scgi-temp-path=PATH         set path to store
                                     http scgi temporary files

  --without-http                     disable HTTP server
  --without-http-cache               disable HTTP cache

  --with-mail                        enable POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
  --with-mail=dynamic                enable dynamic POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
  --with-mail_ssl_module             enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
  --without-mail_pop3_module         disable ngx_mail_pop3_module
  --without-mail_imap_module         disable ngx_mail_imap_module
  --without-mail_smtp_module         disable ngx_mail_smtp_module

  --with-stream                      enable TCP/UDP proxy module
  --with-stream=dynamic              enable dynamic TCP/UDP proxy module
  --with-stream_ssl_module           enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
  --with-stream_realip_module        enable ngx_stream_realip_module
  --with-stream_geoip_module         enable ngx_stream_geoip_module
  --with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_stream_geoip_module
  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module   enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
  --without-stream_limit_conn_module disable ngx_stream_limit_conn_module
  --without-stream_access_module     disable ngx_stream_access_module
  --without-stream_geo_module        disable ngx_stream_geo_module
  --without-stream_map_module        disable ngx_stream_map_module
  --without-stream_split_clients_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_split_clients_module
  --without-stream_return_module     disable ngx_stream_return_module
  --without-stream_upstream_hash_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_hash_module
  --without-stream_upstream_least_conn_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_least_conn_module
  --without-stream_upstream_zone_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_zone_module

  --with-google_perftools_module     enable ngx_google_perftools_module
  --with-cpp_test_module             enable ngx_cpp_test_module

  --add-module=PATH                  enable external module
  --add-dynamic-module=PATH          enable dynamic external module

  --with-compat                      dynamic modules compatibility

  --with-cc=PATH                     set C compiler pathname                    # 编译器路径
  --with-cpp=PATH                    set C preprocessor pathname                # 预处理器路径
  --with-cc-opt=OPTIONS              set additional C compiler options
  --with-ld-opt=OPTIONS              set additional linker options
  --with-cpu-opt=CPU                 build for the specified CPU, valid values:
                                     pentium, pentiumpro, pentium3, pentium4,
                                     athlon, opteron, sparc32, sparc64, ppc64

  --without-pcre                     disable PCRE library usage
  --with-pcre                        force PCRE library usage
  --with-pcre=DIR                    set path to PCRE library sources
  --with-pcre-opt=OPTIONS            set additional build options for PCRE
  --with-pcre-jit                    build PCRE with JIT compilation support

  --with-zlib=DIR                    set path to zlib library sources
  --with-zlib-opt=OPTIONS            set additional build options for zlib
  --with-zlib-asm=CPU                use zlib assembler sources optimized
                                     for the specified CPU, valid values:
                                     pentium, pentiumpro

  --with-libatomic                   force libatomic_ops library usage
  --with-libatomic=DIR               set path to libatomic_ops library sources   # 

  --with-openssl=DIR                 set path to OpenSSL library sources         # openssl库的源码路径
  --with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS         set additional build options for OpenSSL    # 编译时为openssl附加参数

  --with-debug                       enable debug logging                # 启用调试日志

5、启停

使用 systemctl 或 service 命令都可

systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl stop nginx.service

service nginx start
service nginx stop

# 平滑重启
# 更改后的配置文件必须语法正确，否则将不会加载新的配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t          #使用此命令可以校验配置文件是否正确

# 校验正确如下：
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

# 此时可执行平滑重启命令
sudo kill -HUP  nginx主pid

6、启动后，就可以在windows浏览器中输入自己的虚拟机IP访问nginx了，如果访问不通，优先考虑防火墙是不是开着