qt5系列之简单项目

qt5系列文章之初识qt

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前言

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一、qt是什么？

qt是一套 程序 开发 类库。使用qt c++写程序，程序可以跨平台移植(再编译)，可以利用各种开源的类库。

二、qt的获取和安装

开源，
2017年，qt5.9.0，长期支持版本(long term surpported)。
当前学习的是桌面程序开发版，安装包只有一个可执行文件，按照向导安装。

三.qt creator初步使用

打开qt creator，在tools处将语言设置为english

四.编写一个简单程序

1.新建一个项目

实现对输入文本字体增加下划线、斜体、变粗、改变字体颜色的功能。

//main.cpp
#include "dialog.h"
#include <QApplication>


//实现为输入文本加下划线、斜体、变粗，以及改变输入文本字体颜色的功能
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Dialog w;
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

//dialog.cpp
#include "dialog.h"
#include "ui_dialog.h"

Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :
    QDialog(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Dialog)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    connect(ui->radioButtonBlack,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(setTextFontColor()));
    connect(ui->radioButtonBlue,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(setTextFontColor()));
    connect(ui->radioButtonRed,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(setTextFontColor()));

}

Dialog::~Dialog()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Dialog::on_checkBoxUder_clicked(bool checked)
{
    //设置下划线，对文本框文字增加下划线
    QFont font=ui->plainTextEdit->font();
    font.setUnderline(checked);
    ui->plainTextEdit->setFont(font);
}

void Dialog::on_checkBoxItalic_clicked(bool checked)
{
    //设置斜体，文本变斜
    QFont font=ui->plainTextEdit->font();
    font.setItalic(checked);
    ui->plainTextEdit->setFont(font);
}

void Dialog::on_checkBoxBold_clicked(bool checked)
{
    //设置粗体，文本变粗
    QFont font=ui->plainTextEdit->font();
    font.setBold(checked);
    ui->plainTextEdit->setFont(font);   //最终设置字体颜色
}

void Dialog::setTextFontColor()  //自定义槽，需要在构造函数中手动关联
{
    //设置文本字体颜色
    QPalette plet=ui->plainTextEdit->palette();
    //判断要设置的文本是什么颜色，依据是哪个颜色按钮被按到了
    if(ui->radioButtonBlack->isChecked())
        plet.setColor(QPalette::Text,Qt::black);  //设置文本类型是Text，设置颜色是黑色
    else if(ui->radioButtonBlue->isChecked())
        plet.setColor(QPalette::Text,Qt::blue);  //设置文本类型是Text，设置颜色是蓝色
    else if(ui->radioButtonRed->isChecked())
        plet.setColor(QPalette::Text,Qt::red);  //设置文本类型是Text，设置颜色是红色
    else
        plet.setColor(QPalette::Text,Qt::black);  //除此之外，默认设置文本类型是Text，设置颜色是黑色
    ui->plainTextEdit->setPalette(plet);    //最终设置调色板

}

//dialog.h
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H

#include <QDialog>

namespace Ui {
class Dialog;
}

class Dialog : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Dialog();

private slots:
    void on_checkBoxUder_clicked(bool checked); //下划线

    void on_checkBoxItalic_clicked(bool checked); //斜体

    void on_checkBoxBold_clicked(bool checked);  //粗体

    void setTextFontColor();  //字体颜色

private:
    Ui::Dialog *ui;
};

#endif // DIALOG_H

//ui_dialog.h
/********************************************************************************
** Form generated from reading UI file 'dialog.ui'
**
** Created by: Qt User Interface Compiler version 5.9.0
**
** WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost when recompiling UI file!
********************************************************************************/

#ifndef UI_DIALOG_H
#define UI_DIALOG_H

#include <QtCore/QVariant>
#include <QtWidgets/QAction>
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QButtonGroup>
#include <QtWidgets/QCheckBox>
#include <QtWidgets/QDialog>
#include <QtWidgets/QGroupBox>
#include <QtWidgets/QHBoxLayout>
#include <QtWidgets/QHeaderView>
#include <QtWidgets/QPlainTextEdit>
#include <QtWidgets/QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QRadioButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QSpacerItem>
#include <QtWidgets/QVBoxLayout>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE

class Ui_Dialog
{
public:
    QVBoxLayout *verticalLayout;
    QGroupBox *groupBox;
    QHBoxLayout *horizontalLayout_2;
    QCheckBox *checkBoxUder;
    QCheckBox *checkBoxItalic;
    QCheckBox *checkBoxBold;
    QGroupBox *groupBox_2;
    QHBoxLayout *horizontalLayout_3;
    QRadioButton *radioButtonBlack;
    QRadioButton *radioButtonRed;
    QRadioButton *radioButtonBlue;
    QPlainTextEdit *plainTextEdit;
    QHBoxLayout *horizontalLayout;
    QPushButton *pushButtonClose;
    QSpacerItem *horizontalSpacer;
    QPushButton *pushButtonCancel;
    QSpacerItem *horizontalSpacer_2;
    QPushButton *pushButtonOK;

    void setupUi(QDialog *Dialog)
    {
        if (Dialog->objectName().isEmpty())
            Dialog->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("Dialog"));
        Dialog->resize(699, 565);
        verticalLayout = new QVBoxLayout(Dialog);
        verticalLayout->setSpacing(6);
        verticalLayout->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        verticalLayout->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("verticalLayout"));
        groupBox = new QGroupBox(Dialog);
        groupBox->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("groupBox"));
        horizontalLayout_2 = new QHBoxLayout(groupBox);
        horizontalLayout_2->setSpacing(6);
        horizontalLayout_2->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        horizontalLayout_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("horizontalLayout_2"));
        checkBoxUder = new QCheckBox(groupBox);
        checkBoxUder->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("checkBoxUder"));

        horizontalLayout_2->addWidget(checkBoxUder);

        checkBoxItalic = new QCheckBox(groupBox);
        checkBoxItalic->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("checkBoxItalic"));

        horizontalLayout_2->addWidget(checkBoxItalic);

        checkBoxBold = new QCheckBox(groupBox);
        checkBoxBold->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("checkBoxBold"));

        horizontalLayout_2->addWidget(checkBoxBold);


        verticalLayout->addWidget(groupBox);

        groupBox_2 = new QGroupBox(Dialog);
        groupBox_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("groupBox_2"));
        horizontalLayout_3 = new QHBoxLayout(groupBox_2);
        horizontalLayout_3->setSpacing(6);
        horizontalLayout_3->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        horizontalLayout_3->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("horizontalLayout_3"));
        radioButtonBlack = new QRadioButton(groupBox_2);
        radioButtonBlack->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("radioButtonBlack"));

        horizontalLayout_3->addWidget(radioButtonBlack);

        radioButtonRed = new QRadioButton(groupBox_2);
        radioButtonRed->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("radioButtonRed"));

        horizontalLayout_3->addWidget(radioButtonRed);

        radioButtonBlue = new QRadioButton(groupBox_2);
        radioButtonBlue->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("radioButtonBlue"));

        horizontalLayout_3->addWidget(radioButtonBlue);


        verticalLayout->addWidget(groupBox_2);

        plainTextEdit = new QPlainTextEdit(Dialog);
        plainTextEdit->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("plainTextEdit"));

        verticalLayout->addWidget(plainTextEdit);

        horizontalLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
        horizontalLayout->setSpacing(6);
        horizontalLayout->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("horizontalLayout"));
        pushButtonClose = new QPushButton(Dialog);
        pushButtonClose->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButtonClose"));

        horizontalLayout->addWidget(pushButtonClose);

        horizontalSpacer = new QSpacerItem(40, 20, QSizePolicy::Expanding, QSizePolicy::Minimum);

        horizontalLayout->addItem(horizontalSpacer);

        pushButtonCancel = new QPushButton(Dialog);
        pushButtonCancel->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButtonCancel"));

        horizontalLayout->addWidget(pushButtonCancel);

        horizontalSpacer_2 = new QSpacerItem(40, 20, QSizePolicy::Expanding, QSizePolicy::Minimum);

        horizontalLayout->addItem(horizontalSpacer_2);

        pushButtonOK = new QPushButton(Dialog);
        pushButtonOK->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButtonOK"));

        horizontalLayout->addWidget(pushButtonOK);


        verticalLayout->addLayout(horizontalLayout);


        retranslateUi(Dialog);
        QObject::connect(pushButtonOK, SIGNAL(clicked()), Dialog, SLOT(accept()));
        QObject::connect(pushButtonCancel, SIGNAL(clicked()), Dialog, SLOT(reject()));
        QObject::connect(pushButtonClose, SIGNAL(clicked()), Dialog, SLOT(close()));

        QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(Dialog);
    } // setupUi

    void retranslateUi(QDialog *Dialog)
    {
        Dialog->setWindowTitle(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "DialogByDesigner", Q_NULLPTR));
        groupBox->setTitle(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "GroupBox", Q_NULLPTR));
        checkBoxUder->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "Uderline", Q_NULLPTR));
        checkBoxItalic->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "Italic", Q_NULLPTR));
        checkBoxBold->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "Bold", Q_NULLPTR));
        groupBox_2->setTitle(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "GroupBox", Q_NULLPTR));
        radioButtonBlack->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "Black", Q_NULLPTR));
        radioButtonRed->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "Red", Q_NULLPTR));
        radioButtonBlue->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "Blue", Q_NULLPTR));
        pushButtonClose->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "\351\200\200\345\207\272", Q_NULLPTR));
        pushButtonCancel->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "\345\217\226\346\266\210", Q_NULLPTR));
        pushButtonOK->setText(QApplication::translate("Dialog", "\347\241\256\345\256\232", Q_NULLPTR));
    } // retranslateUi

};

namespace Ui {
    class Dialog: public Ui_Dialog {};
} // namespace Ui

QT_END_NAMESPACE

#endif // UI_DIALOG_H

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总结

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例如：以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文仅仅简单介绍了pandas的使用，而pandas提供了大量能使我们快速便捷地处理数据的函数和方法。