SpringMVC 学习（六）乱码问题

8. 乱码问题

网络编程中乱码绝大部分都与编码格式有关，常常在涉及到中文的文件编译或者数据传输中出现。

Spring MVC 使用 post 方式传输带中文数据时便会出现乱码，get 方式则不会，解决方式如下：

(1) 自定义过滤器

过滤器

public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    public void destroy() {

    }
}

<!--web.xml-->
<filter>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.why.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

注意：<url-pattern> 设置为 /* ，否则过滤器匹配不到 jsp 页面

(2) 配置 Spring MVC 的字符编码过滤器

<!--web.xml-->
<!--Spring MVC 字符编码过滤器-->
<filter>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

(3) 修改 Tomcat 配置文件文件

<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
           port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
           connectionTimeout="20000"
           redirectPort="8443" 
           URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>

(4) 网络大神的过滤器

package com.why.filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * 解决get和post请求 全部乱码的过滤器
 */
public class GenericEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
    }
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //处理response的字符编码
        HttpServletResponse myResponse=(HttpServletResponse) response;
        myResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        // 转型为与协议相关对象
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        // 对request包装增强
        HttpServletRequest myrequest = new MyRequest(httpServletRequest);
        chain.doFilter(myrequest, response);
    }
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }
}
//自定义request对象，HttpServletRequest的包装类
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
    private HttpServletRequest request;
    //是否编码的标记
    private boolean hasEncode;
    //定义一个可以传入HttpServletRequest对象的构造函数，以便对其进行装饰
    public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        super(request);// super必须写
        this.request = request;
    }
    // 对需要增强方法 进行覆盖
    @Override
    public Map getParameterMap() {
        // 先获得请求方式
        String method = request.getMethod();
        if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
            // post请求
            try {
                // 处理post乱码
                request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
                return request.getParameterMap();
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")) {
            // get请求
            Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
            if (!hasEncode) { // 确保get手动编码逻辑只运行一次
                for (String parameterName : parameterMap.keySet()) {
                    String[] values = parameterMap.get(parameterName);
                    if (values != null) {
                        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                            try {
                                // 处理get乱码
                                values[i] = new String(values[i]
                                        .getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8");
                            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                hasEncode = true;
            }
            return parameterMap;
        }
        return super.getParameterMap();
    }
    //取一个值
    @Override
    public String getParameter(String name) {
        Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
        String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
        if (values == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return values[0]; // 取回参数的第一个值
    }
    //取所有值
    @Override
    public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
        Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
        String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
        return values;
    }
}